Prevalence of abnormal thyroid function test in adults attending primary care setting in the year 2022 in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: Thyroid disease is known to be one of the most common endocrine diseases globally and has serious health implications if left untreated.

Objective: This study aimed to gain a better understanding of common thyroid diseases and to explore the associated risk factors in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Methods: A case-control study was carried out after obtaining all thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) results done in a primary healthcare setting from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 from the Health Information Department.

Effect of diurnal fasting on sleep during Ramadan: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The current meta-analysis aimed to obtain a more stable estimate of the effect size of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDF) on sleep duration and daytime sleepiness.

Methods: Databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest Medical, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Google Scholar) were searched from database inception to the end of June 2019. The sleep quality measures analyzed were excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) measured by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and total sleep time (TST).