Atopic dermatitis and tobacco smoke exposure during childhood and adolescence.

Background: Tobacco smoke may affect atopic dermatitis (AD) because of its known effects on humoral and cellular immunity, but prior studies lack data on disease severity and biomarkers over time.

Objective: We investigated the association between passive and active tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) during childhood and adolescence and the activity and severity of AD.

Methods: A birth cohort of 10,521 individuals was followed through adolescence as part of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.

The epidemiology of atopic dermatitis in older adults: A population-based study in the United Kingdom.

Background: Atopic dermatitis is known to be common among children, but there are few studies examining the epidemiology across the life course. In particular, there is a paucity of data on atopic dermatitis among older adults.

Objective: To evaluate participant characteristics, patterns of disease activity and severity, and calendar trends in older adult atopic dermatitis in comparison to other age groups in a large population-based cohort.

Typologies of violence against women in Brazil: A latent class analysis of how violence and HIV intersect.

We address the limited understanding around the overlap between violence and HIV in Brazil. Data was from two clinic-based samples of HIV-positive (=1534) and HIV-negative women (=1589) in São Paulo and Porto Alegre. We conducted latent class analysis and identified violence typologies by type of violence, life course timing, frequency, and perpetrator, stratified by city and HIV-status.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with forced and very early sexual initiation among Black women accessing publicly funded STD clinics in Baltimore, MD.

Purpose: To examine the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and early sexual initiation.

Methods: We analyzed retrospective data of (n = 241) Black women recruited from public STD clinics in Baltimore, MD. Multinomial logistic and linear regression models estimated associations between ACEs and early sexual initiation; contextual variables at initiation were examined as mediators.

Physiological Changes from Violence-Induced Stress and Trauma Enhance HIV Susceptibility Among Women.

Purpose Of Review: This theoretical review identifies physiological mechanisms by which violence against women (VAW) may increase women's susceptibility to HIV through trauma, stress, and immune dysfunction.

Recent Findings: Research documents systemic and local immune responses are related to stress and trauma from abuse across the life course (i.e.