Bleomycin-Induced Fibrosis and the Effectiveness of as a Treatment.

Introduction: Plant treatment has been used for thousands of years and has been proven to treat acute and chronic diseases. The function of the traditional plant is as an antimicrobial agent, anticancer, antioxidant, and therapeutic gene in healing wounds and inflammation. Lung fibrosis caused by bleomycin can develop into chronic lung disease, which ends in tissue death if not treated immediately.

Ewing sarcoma with intra thoracic and multiple extra thoracic metastases in a young adult male: A case report.

Introduction: Primary chest wall tumors arise from muscle, fat, blood vessels, the nerve sheath, cartilage, or bone of the chest wall. One of the chest wall sarcomas is Ewing Sarcoma (ES), first described in 1921 by James Ewing, which is a highly aggressive bone and soft-tissue cancer. This case report aimed to present an Ewing Sarcoma with intra thoracic and multiple extra thoracic metastases in young adult male patient.

The role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in determining survival rates of lung cancer patients in the population of North Sumatra, Indonesia.

Gaining a better understanding of molecular alterations in the pathogenesis of lung cancer reveals a significant change in approach to the management and prognosis of lung cancer. Several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been identified and have different roles related to survival rates in lung cancer patients. This study aims to determine the role of KRAS, EGFR, and TP53 mutations in the survival rate of lung cancer patients in the population of North Sumatra.

A Comparison of Occupational CO Levels, HbCO, and Lung Functions Between Grill and Non-grill Street Vendors.

Background: There is a surge increase in grills-fast food outlet in the urban areas that plays an essential role in producing air pollution. Chronic accumulation of carbon monoxide might affect the airway and destroy alveolus as well as correlated with the disturbance of lung function.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the occupational CO levels, HbCO, and lung functions between grill and non-grill street vendors.

A rare primary posterior mediastinal angiolipoma: A case report.

is a rare benign neoplasm composed of mature adipose tissue with an abnormal vessel. Owing to its unspecific symptoms and slow progressions, the diagnosis of this disease is often delayed by clinicians. Here we present a 68-years-old-woman presented with mild chest pain radiates to the back with chronic dry cough.

The correlation between hemostatic parameters and mortality rate in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

The increasing level of hemostatic parameters and tumor markers were associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis, particularly in NSCLC. The objective of this study is to determine whether there was a correlation between hemostatic parameters and mortality rate in patients with NSCLC. This was a prospective analytical study with a pretest-posttest design which included 41 patients with diagnosis of NSCLC.

The Absence of Mutations in the Exon 2 KRAS Gene in Several Ethnic Groups in North Sumatra May Not the Main Factor for Lung Cancer.

Background: Rat Sarcoma (RAS) protein encoded Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP-ase) activity, known as a switch of cell proliferation. The mutation of this protein alters the early stage of carcinogenesis and along with the interaction with other oncogene drivers and environmental factors affect the clinical characteristics and prognosis in cancer patients, particularly lung cancer.

Objective: This study aims to determine the Kristen Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) mutation in lung cancer patients in North Sumatera and evaluate factors that might contribute in the development of lung cancer in the absence of KRAS mutation.

Four-type of Masks and its Effectiveness Based on Reduced Level of Expiratory Carbon-monoxide.

Introduction: Carbon-monoxide (CO) is a major component of motor-vehicles related air pollution. Motor-vehicles emissions are a major source of air pollution in urban areas and give significant adverse effects on human life.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the change of expiratory carbon-monoxide levels after using four-type of masks in people around Universitas Sumatera Utara.

Tuberculosis of the knee: A pitfalls in clinical settings (A case report and literature review).

Introduction: Tuberculosis of the knee is a rare form of diseases associated with tuberculosis that is frequently misdiagnosed as malignancy or bacterial infections. Its symptomatology might be identical to other conditions; thus finally turns the clinician misdiagnosed of the patient circumstances.

Presentation Of The Case: A 31-year-old male patient presented a unilateral knee swelling, reddish, warmth, pain, with a limited range of movement and then diagnosed with tuberculosis of the knee, histopathologically confirmed following surgical removal, including synovectomy without arthroplasty procedure.

The Characteristic of Secondary Lung Tumours in Medan.

Background: Metastatic malignant neoplasms are the most commonly known as secondary lung tumour. Any cancer could have the ability to spread to the lung. The secondary tumour most typically appears on radiologic findings are multiple nodules pleural effusion, etc.

Clinical Profile of Male Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia.

Background: Lung cancer is the most frequently found cancer among men around the world and is is the main cause of cancer deaths. The occurrence of lung cancer is particularly associated with smoking habit around men, along with environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace. It is diagnosed in patients with the varied clinical and demographical profile.

A very rare case of scrofuloderma with multiple cervical lymphadenitis tuberculosis.

Scrofuloderma is a clinical form of secondary cutaneous tuberculosis. It is commonly characterized by bluish-red nodules that cover the lymph nodes, bones or joints, disrupting the affected tissue to be replaced with granulation tissue. We reported a case of 10-year-old boy with ulcers in the cervical and axillary region.

Procalcitonin Level in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients among Indonesian Population.

Background: Serum Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker that is frequently used to diagnose an infection. In some cases of thoracic malignancy, procalcitonin level appears to increase. However, the role of procalcitonin to diagnose malignancy is not certain yet, and the causes have not been known.

Analysis of Concordance of Medication-Taking Behaviour in Tuberculosis Patients in Medan, Indonesia.

Aim: This study aimed to analyse tuberculosis (TB) medication-taking behaviour based on the concept of concordance between health workers and TB patients in Medan, Indonesia.

Methods: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 100 patients undergoing TB treatment at several public health centres in Medan City participated in the study.

An unusual case of recurrent huge primary mediastinal dedifferentiated liposarcoma.

Introduction: Primary mediastinal dedifferentiated liposarcoma is an extremely rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm composed of lipogenic tissue. It can be huge enough to compress heart and surrounding organs leading to clinical symptoms.

Presentation Of Case: We present a case of huge primary mediastinal dedifferentiated liposarcoma in a 54-year-old man, confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining, who received surgical removal.

Lung adenocarcinoma presenting with an orbital metastasis.

Orbital metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma is very rare. The incidence is only found to be approximately 7%-12% of lung cancer cases. The lack of knowledge about orbital metastasis results in misdiagnosis between malignant or benign lesion.

Genetic Polymorphism of and Its Relationship with Nicotine Metabolism in Male Bataknese Smokers Suffered from Lung Cancer in Indonesia.

Background: Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) is known as an enzyme which is responsible for the metabolism of chemical compounds.

Aim: This study aimed to analyse the relationship between CYP2A6 gene polymorphism with nicotine metabolism rates and lung cancer incidence among smokers of Batak ethnic group in Indonesia.

Methods: This study was a case-control study involving 140 research subjects through a purposive sampling technique from three hospitals in Medan, Indonesia.

Successful treatment of total paraplegic patient due to tuberculous spondylitis.

A 12-year-old boy presented with progressive disability to walk for four months, which was so severe that he could no longer perform daily activities. No respiratory symptom was found. On physical examination, there was a soft tissue mass in the thoracic vertebrae.

Acute pneumonitis following breast silicone liquid injection.

Silicone injections, although well known for their adverse effect, are still widely used around the world. Pneumonitis after an injection of silicone liquid has been reported in several patients. Silicone liquid injection is frequently administered to transgender individuals into the buttocks area but is rarely used for the breasts.

The Role of Genetic Polymorphism in Nicotine Dependence and Tobacco Consumption among Bataknese Male Smokers.

Aim: This research aimed to analyse the relationship between CYP2A6 gene polymorphism with nicotine dependence and its relation to the number of cigarette consumption among Bataknese smokers.

Method: This study was a cross-sectional study involving 140 research subjects in Medan, Indonesia.

Results: Nicotine dependence rates were found to be significantly associated with the number of cigarette consumption expressed in the Brinkman Index.