Factors associated with isoniazid resistant tuberculosis among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients in Swaziland: a case-control study.

Background: Isoniazid resistant tuberculosis is the most prevalent type of resistance in Swaziland and over two-thirds of the isoniazid resistant tuberculosis patients are tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infected. The study aimed to determine risk factors associated with isoniazid resistant tuberculosis among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients in Swaziland.

Methods: This was a case-control study conducted in nine healthcare facilities across Swaziland.

Accelerated Immunodeficiency-associated Vaccine-derived Poliovirus Serotype 3 Sequence Evolution Rate in an 11-week-old Boy With X-linked Agammaglobulinemia and Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure.

Primary B-cell immunodeficiencies are risk factors for the generation of vaccine-derived polioviruses. We report immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived poliovirus serotype 3 in an 11-week-old boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Unique characteristics of this case include early age of presentation, high viral evolutionary rate, and the child's perinatal exposure to human immunodeficiency virus.

Diet variability among pre-Dogon and early Dogon populations (Mali) from stable isotopes and dental diseases.

Aims And Objectives: This article reports on diet variability in the Dogon Country (Mali) through a bio-archeological study of pre-Dogon and early Dogon human remains (7th century to 19th century AD) from collective burial caves in the Bandiagara Escarpment.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and twenty crania from collections curated in Leiden, Paris, and Bamako were studied for dental diseases. In a subset of teeth (n = 175), δ C and δ N were measured in bulk dentine samples.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Introduction in South Africa: Implementation Lessons From an Evaluation of the National School-Based Vaccination Campaign.

Background: In April 2014, a national school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program was rolled out in South Africa, targeting Grade 4 girls aged ≥9 years. A bivalent HPV vaccine with a 2-dose (6 months apart) schedule was used. At the request of the National Department of Health (NDoH), we conducted an external assessment of the first-dose phase of the vaccination program to evaluate program coverage and vaccine safety and identify factors that influenced implementation.

The Expanded Programme on Immunisation in South Africa: A story yet to be told.

During the past two decades, immunisation has saved millions of lives and prevented countless illnesses and disabilities in South Africa(SA). However, vaccine-preventable diseases are still a threat. A vaccine-preventable disease that might lead to a 1- or 2-week illness in anadult, could prove deadly for infants, children or elderly people.

Risk factors associated with sexual violence towards girls in Swaziland.

Objective: To explore risk factors for sexual violence in childhood in a nationally representative sample of females aged 13 to 24 years in Swaziland.

Methods: During a household survey respondents were asked to report any experiences of sexual violence before the age of 18 years. The association between childhood sexual violence and several potential demographic and social risk factors was explored through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.