Transport of functional group modified polystyrene nanoplastics in binary metal oxide saturated porous media.

Metal oxides exist in porous media in the form of composite metal oxides, which can significantly affect the transport and transformation of pollutants in the soil environment. In this study, binary metal oxide porous media were prepared to explore the effects of solution chemistry, and the presence of binary metal oxides on the transport of functional group modified polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) in saturated porous media. The results show that the existence of binary metal oxides significantly affects the migration ability of PSNPs in saturated porous media.

Transport of degradable/nondegradable and aged microplastics in porous media: Effects of physicochemical factors.

The degradable properties of degradable plastics allow them to form microplastics (MPs) faster. Therefore, degradable MPs may easily be transported in the underground environment. Research on degradable MPs transport in porous media is necessary and urgent.

Interactions of pristine and aged nanoplastics with heavy metals: Enhanced adsorption and transport in saturated porous media.

Interactions of nanoplastics (NPs) with other contaminants are attracting attention, and it is essential to investigate the interaction of aged plastics with heavy metals. We obtained aged nanopolystyrene by UV radiation and investigated the effects of aged NPs on the adsorption and cotransport of Pb-(II) and Cd-(II). The results showed that the UV-aged NPs led to the enhanced adsorption capacity of heavy metals due to the increase in oxygen-containing functional groups, and the promotion of transport by the aged NPs to heavy metals was stronger than that of the pristine NPs.

Preparation, characterization and application of CS@PDA@FeO nanocomposite as a new magnetic nano-adsorber for the removal of metals and dyes in wastewater.

This study aimed to develop a novel magnetic chitosan/dopamine/FeO nano-adsorber (CS@PDA@FeO) for the removal of heavy metal ions and organic dye molecules from aqueous solution. CS@PDA@FeO was prepared by surface modification of PDA/FeO nanoparticles with chitosan using IPTES as the cross-linker. The surface structure, composition, and properties of the CS@PDA@FeO nano-adsorber were characterized by elemental (EDS), spectroscopic (XRD, XPS, and FT-IR), magnetic intensity (VSM), surface and morphological (TEM and SEM) analyses.

Removal of Pb (II) and V (V) from aqueous solution by glutaraldehyde crosslinked chitosan and nanocomposites.

In this paper, new adsorbents with high mechanical strength chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) and chitosan-titanium dioxide (CS-TiO) were synthesized by using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent, and the adsorption behavior of Pb (II) and V (V) on them were investigated. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of initial metal ion concentration and contact time on the removal of V (V) and Pb (II) by CS-GO and CS-TiO were investigated.

Effects of physicochemical factors on the transport of aged polystyrene nanoparticles in saturated porous media.

Plastic debris, particularly nanoplastics, have attracted substantial attention as an emerging pollutant of global concern. The aging process caused by UV could dramatically alter the physicochemical properties of polystyrene plastics and affect their fate and transport in the subsurface environment. We researched the effects of diverse factors, including flow rate, ionic strength (IS), and cation valence on the transport of aged polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) in saturated porous media and found that their mobility was greatly enhanced by the aging process at all other experimental conditions except coexistence with Al.

Efficient removal of Cd (II) from aqueous solution by chitosan modified kiwi branch biochar.

Production of cost-efficient composite materials from low-cost modified biochar for the removal of Cd (II) from wastewater is much needed to meet the growing needs of industrial wastewater treatments. A novel chitosan-modified kiwi branch biochar (CHKB) was fabricated as low-cost modified biochar for the removal of Cd (II) from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption and characterization experiments indicated that the modification of kiwi biochar (KB) by chitosan remarkably improved its adsorption performance.

Calcium Carbonate@silica Composite with Superhydrophobic Properties.

In this paper, spherical calcium carbonate particles were prepared by using CaCl aqueous solution + NH·HO + polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether-10 (OP-10) + n-butyl alcohol + cyclohexane inverse micro emulsion system. Then, nanoscale spherical silica was deposited on the surface of micron calcium carbonate by Stöber method to form the composite material. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the morphology and structure of the composite material.

Novel Zn-Fe engineered kiwi branch biochar for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.

In this study, a novel adsorbent made from kiwi branch biochar modified with Zn-Fe (KB/Zn-Fe) was compared with original biochar to the Pb(II)'s adsorptivity from waste water. The adsorbent was synthetized by liquid-phase deposition. Batches of sorption tests were performed, and the biochars' representative properties were tested.

Dual feedback based bipolar current source with high stability for driving voice coil motors in wide temperature ranges.

Bipolar current sources with a stability better than 0.1% in the temperature range of -30 to +70 °C are demanded for driving voice coil motors applied in a new ultra-quiet satellite platform, but almost none of the existing designs satisfy the harsh requirements. This paper presents a possible solution, which is essentially a floating-load, bipolar current source circuit with a dual feedback path.

Effect of surfactants on the transport of polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics in porous media.

The transport of microplastics in porous media is attracting increasing attention. However, to date, research is limited to polystyrene microplastics. Meanwhile, surfactants can promote solid dispersion to form a stable suspension, possibly allowing microplastics to migrate when attached to a surfactant, which would increase the scope and degree of microplastic pollution, further endangering human health and the stability of the ecological environment.

Pinewood outperformed bamboo as feedstock to prepare biochar-supported zero-valent iron for Cr reduction.

In this work, pinewood and bamboo were pyrolyzed at 600 °C to prepare PBC and BBC-supported zerovalent iron (ZVI), respectively. Raman spectra suggested PBC was more intensively carbonized than BBC as indicated by higher I/I ratio. XRD and TEM confirmed nanoscaled ZVI was well dispersed in PBC but soldered in chain-structure in BBC.

The transport of graphitic carbon nitride in saturated porous media: Effect of hydrodynamic and solution chemistry.

Understanding transport behavior of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) in porous media plays an important role in preventing its possible causing the underground environmental problems. The transport behavior of g-CN in porous media were investigated by packed column experiments at different flow rates, ionic strengths (ISs), pHs and multivalent cations. The experimental results showed that the transport ability of g-CN decreased with the IS increasing, and most of the g-CN was retained in the sand column for the IS greater than 0.

Co-transport of Pb(II) and oxygen-content-controllable graphene oxide from electron-beam-irradiated graphite in saturated porous media.

It is essential to investigate the role of the surface oxygen content of graphene oxide (GO) in transport processes. In this study, GO was prepared using flake graphite with different radiation doses. The effects of the flow rate and ionic strength (IS) on the migration and co-transport of GO and Pb(II) ions were investigated via laboratory packed-column experiments.

Co-transport of graphene oxide and heavy metal ions in surface-modified porous media.

The ability to predict the transport of heavy metal ions in porous media with different surface characteristics is crucial to protect groundwater quality and public health. In this study, the effects of graphene oxide (GO) on co-transport and remobilization of Pb and Cd in humic acid (HA), smectite, kaolinite, and ferrihydrite-coated sand media were evaluated via laboratory packed-column experiments. Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the surface morphology of the coated sands was quite different and that ∼56.

Removal of V (V) and Pb (II) by nanosized TiO and ZnO from aqueous solution.

The removal of V (V) and Pb (II) by TiO and ZnO nanoparticles from aqueous solution was studied with batch experiments. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the surface properties including functional groups of the adsorbent as well as to explore adsorption mechanisms. Factors influencing V (V) and Pb (II) removal such as initial metal ion concentration and contact time were investigated.

Graphene oxide-facilitated transport of Pb and Cd in saturated porous media.

This paper provides an overview of the effect of graphene oxide (GO) on sorption, transport, and remobilization of Pb and Cd ions in saturated porous media. The affinity of GO to Pb and Cd ions was investigated via kinetic and isothermal sorption experiments. Laboratory packed-column experiments were also conducted to investigate the cotransport of Pb and Cd ions with GO across a quartz sand matrix.

Carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized ZnO/biochar nanocomposites: Enhanced adsorption and inhibited photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.

Biochar(BC)-supported nanoscaled zinc oxide (nZO) was encapsulated either with (nZORc/BC) or with no (nZOR/BC) sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near infrared spectrophotometry revealed that nZO of 16, 10, and 20 nm with energy band gaps of 2.79, 3.

Light scattering and sum rules of three coexisting phases for quasiternary solutions near the tricritical point.

The upper critical temperatures (T(U)) and the lower critical temperatures (T(L)) were precisely determined for 11 quasiternary solutions of water +n-decane and +n-undecane +tert-butanol with various mass ratios of n-decane to n-undecane. Measurements of angular dependence of the scattered light intensity for each of the three liquid coexisting phases and each of the 11 solutions at the middle temperatures T(m)=(T(U)+T(L))/2 are reported. From the light scatting data, the zero-angle scattering intensities I(0) and the correlation lengths xi at T(m) in each of the phases were calculated and used to test the Griffiths sum rules.

Di-μ-thio-cyanato-κN:N-bis-({5-meth-oxy-2-[3-(methyl-amino)propyl-imino-meth-yl]phenolato-κO,N,N'}copper(II)).

The title thio-cyanate-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complex, [Cu(2)(C(12)H(17)N(2)O(2))(2)(NCS)(2)], possesses crystallographic inversion symmetry. Each Cu(II) atom is five-coordinated by one imine N, one amine N and one phenolate O atom of the Schiff base ligand, and by two N atoms from two bridging thio-cyanate ligands, forming a square-pyramidal geometry. Beside the two thio-cyanate bridges, there are two intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which further link the two Cu(C(12)H(17)N(2)O(2))(NCS) units.

Tricritical phenomena in quasi-ternary mixtures of water + n-decane + n-undecane + tert-butanol.

Coexistence curves for the quasi-ternary system of water + n-decane + n-undecane + tert-butanol have been determined by measurements of the refractive index in three coexisting liquid phases. The binary mixtures of n-decane + n-undecane constructed the quasi-pure components in which the mass fraction beta of n-decane controls the approach to the tricritical point. The coexistence curves can be fitted to Scott's extended theory and can be extrapolated to a tricritical point at (44.

Antidepressant effects of Banxia Houpu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal empirical formula.

Banxia Houpu Decoction, having been used for the treatment of depression-related diseases since ancient times, is a traditional Chinese medicinal empirical formula consisting of Pinellia ternata, Poria cocos, Magnolia officinalis, Perilla frutescens and Zingiber officinale. The effects of the total decoction extract and five fractions therefrom, were evaluated in mice by tail suspension and forced swimming tests. The total 90% ethanol extract of the decoction was shown to possess an antidepressant activity that was close to that of Prozac, an antidepressant agent being applied clinically.