[Juvenile parkinsonism in monozygotic twins].

A pair of monozygotic twins concordant for juvenile Parkinsonism are described. These twin sisters have lived together until 18 years old. Twin A noted tremor in the right hand and right-sided stiffness and slowness at the age 20.

Synapse formation by autonomic nerves in the previously denervated neuromuscular junctions of the feline intrinsic laryngeal muscles.

Nerve terminals of unknown origin at the previously denervated neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) of the feline intrinsic laryngeal muscles were investigated. Until 3 weeks after the transection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), no axons were observed in the Büngner's bands and the NMJ, accompanied by a marked decrease of autonomic nerves around the blood vessels. At 5-6 weeks nerve varicosities labeled by 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) were observed in the Büngner's bands together with an increase of autonomic nerves around the blood vessels.

Ultrastructural and histochemical study of the neuromuscular junctions in the denervated intrinsic laryngeal muscle of the cat.

Morphological changes and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) of the normal and denervated posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA muscle) of the cat were studied. Two days after denervation, the nerve terminals at the NMJ had almost disappeared. Six weeks after denervation, intensity of AchE activity at the former junctional site (FJS) was unchanged histochemically.

[Two cases of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) complicated with Sjögren's syndrome, T-lymphocyte alveolitis and arthropathy].

Two cases of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) complicated with Sjögren's syndrome (SjS), T-lymphocyte alveolitis and arthropathy were reported. Case 1 was a 55-year-old woman. Since 40 years of age she had been suffering from repetitive pulmonary infection.

1-Methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (2'-methyl-MPTP) is less neurotoxic than MPTP in the common marmoset.

Four adult marmosets were treated with increasing doses of 1-methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (2'-methyl-MPTP) in the range 0.23-4.3 mg/kg i.

Postural myoclonus associated with long-term administration of neuroleptics in schizophrenic patients.

Postural myoclonus associated with long-term administration of neuroleptics was demonstrated in schizophrenic patients. Sixty patients who had been taking neuroleptics for more than 3 months were investigated for myoclonus and the relationships between postural myoclonus and age, duration of illness, duration of medication, current daily dose, cumulative dose, occurrence of abnormal finger movement, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia were evaluated. Twenty-three patients (38%) showed postural myoclonus when holding the hands forward with the elbow joints flexed at about 90%.

Structure and in vitro transcription of the rat CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes and regional localization of the CYP2A gene subfamily on mouse chromosome 7.

The CYP2A1 and CYP2A2 genes code for hepatic steroid hydroxylases and differ in their development regulation and expression in male and female rats. In order to explore the mechanism of regulation of these two genes, both genes were isolated and sequenced, their upstream regions compared, and their promoters transcribed in a cell-free system derived from liver. The CYP2A1 gene was completely sequenced and spanned 12,835 bp.

Pathoepidemiological features of adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia in an endemic area: Kagoshima, Japan.

In order to elucidate the pathological and epidemiological features of malignant lymphoma (ML), particularly of adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) in the Kagoshima district, age-adjusted and age-specific incidence rates of malignant lymphomas were estimated on 3239 histologically confirmed cases between the years 1963 and 1987. There was a marked increase in the incidence rate from 1976 (4.9) to 1982 (8.

Transient depletion of nucleus accumbens dopamine content may contribute to initial akinesia induced by MPTP in common marmosets.

Acute treatment of common marmosets with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) caused an initial profound akinesia and other motor deficits. However, over the following months akinesia gradually disappeared although the animals remained clumsy and poorly coordinated. At 10 days following MPTP treatment there was a profound decrease in the dopamine, HVA and DOPAC content of the caudate nucleus, putamen and nucleus accumbens.

Treatment with a selective MAO B inhibitor prevents loss of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens of MPTP-treated common marmosets.

Administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to common marmosets induced motor deficits, associated with a marked decrease in the uptake of [3H]dopamine into synaptosomes in the putamen and a reduction in the content of dopamine in both caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens. Histological analysis showed a marked loss of dopamine-containing cells in the zona compacta of the substantia nigra and less loss in the ventral tegmental area. Treatment of animals with the selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) B inhibitor, MDL 72145 (0.

Stereoselective reversal of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in the marmoset after dermal application of N-0437.

The selective dopamine D-2 receptor agonist N-0437 produced a rapid and dose-dependent reversal of motor deficits lasting 90-120 min following i.p. or oral administration of the racemate to MPTP-treated common marmosets.

Histologic studies on the hepatic lesions induced by graft-versus-host reaction in MHC class II disparate hosts compared with primary biliary cirrhosis.

By light and electron microscopic examinations, histologic changes in the liver of mice with graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) were analyzed. To induce GVHR, C57BL/6 (B6) spleen cells were injected into (B6Xbm1)F1, (B6Xbm12)F1, and (bm1Xbm12)F1 mice. In (B6Xbm12)F1 recipient mice, bile duct changes resembling chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis (CNSDC) and a formation of epithelioid granulomas were observed during the course of GVHR.

[Histochemical study of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junctions of the cat posterior cricoarytenoid muscle using erabutoxin B].

Acetylcholine receptors (AchRs) at the neuromuscular junctions of the cat posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA muscle) were demonstrated by using erabutoxin b (Eb) which has a curare-like action. Eb is one of the short-chain neurotoxins which is obtained from Laticauda-semifasciata. At the light microscopic level, the localization of the neuromuscular junctions was detected on the muscle fiber by rhodamine-labeled Eb (TMR-Eb) under a fluorescein microscopy.

Increased caudate dopamine turnover may contribute to the recovery of motor function in marmosets treated with the dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP.

Administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to common marmosets initially impaired motor function, but a partial recovery occurred over the following weeks. At both 10 days and 4-6 weeks following MPTP treatment, [3H]dopamine ([3H]DA) uptake into synaptosomal preparations of putamen was markedly decreased. At 10 days and 4-6 weeks following MPTP treatment DA, homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels in the caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens were substantially reduced.

[An ultrastructural study of the neuromuscular junctions of the cat intrinsic laryngeal muscles. II. Synapse formation by autonomic nerves].

The purpose of this study is to identify the origin of the nerve terminals of unknown origin observed at the previously denervated neuromuscular junctions in the cat intrinsic laryngeal muscles. The results were as follows: 1. Until 3 weeks after the transection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, no nerve terminals were found at the neuromuscular junctions of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles except for the cricothyroid muscle, and no nerve fibres were detected in the Schwann tubes formed by Schwann cells and perineural cells.

[An ultrastructural study of the neuromuscular junctions of the cat intrinsic laryngeal muscles. I. Denervation and reinnervation].

Morphological changes of the neuromuscular junctions induced by denervation and reinnervation have been investigated electronmicroscopically using cat intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Two experiments were performed: 1. simple transection of the unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve at the level of the second tracheal ring; 2.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report with electron microscopic findings.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is a rare tumor. Histological and ultrastructural features of a primary squamous cell carcinoma arising in the right parotid gland is presented. Light microscopically the tumor consisted of poorly differentiated squamous cell nests.

The D1 agonist SKF 38393 inhibits the antiparkinsonian activity of the D2 agonist LY 171555 in the MPTP-treated marmoset.

Administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to common marmosets induced persistent motor deficits. Administration of the D1 agonist SKF 38393 (2.5-20 mg/kg, i.

Hepatic lesions induced by graft-versus-host reaction across MHC class II antigens: an implication for animal model of primary biliary cirrhosis.

To induce graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), C57B1/6 (B6) spleen cells were injected into (B6 x bm1)F1, (B6 x bm12)F1, and (bm1 x bm12)F1 mice. Since the strains bm1 and bm12 are mutant at the H-2Kb and I-Ab regions of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), respectively, we can assess MHC class I- or class II-different GVHR. As reported earlier, immunological perturbations assessed by the number of immunoglobulin-producing cells and immune complex deposition in renal glomeruli were demonstrated in MHC class II-different GVHR.

Levels of Met-enkephalin, Leu-enkephalin, substance P and cholecystokinin in the brain of the common marmoset following long term 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6,-tetrahydropyridine treatment.

Common marmosets were treated daily with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 7-9 mg/kg i.p.) for 25 days, and then kept out of drug for three months before biochemical measurements in various brain areas.

Clinical evaluation of transcatheter arterial embolization and one-shot chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The therapeutic effect and the prognosis of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and one-shot chemotherapy were studied in 90 cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A therapeutic effect, which was assessed by the serum concentration of alpha-fetoprotein, angiography, computed tomography and ultrasonography, was seen in 33 (83%) out of 40 cases treated with TAE, and in 16 (32%) out of 50 cases treated with one-shot chemotherapy. In the cases that received TAE, the cumulative percentage survival rates at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months were 75%, 48% and 20%, respectively.

The fucosylation index of alpha-fetoprotein and its usefulness in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The serum concentration and degree of fucosylation (fucosylation index) of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were determined in serum samples from 258 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 114 patients with benign liver diseases. When the serum AFP concentration was below 1000 ng/ml, it could not be used as a measure to distinguish between HCC and benign liver diseases. However, the fucosylation index of AFP proved useful for such a purpose.