Determinants of morbidity and mortality related to health care-associated primary bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care units: a prospective cohort study from the SEPREVEN trial.

Background: Health care-associated primary bloodstream infections (BSIs), defined as not secondary to an infection at another body site, including central line-associated BSI, are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Our objective was to identify factors associated with severe morbidity and mortality after these infections in neonates in NICUs.

Methods: This ancillary study of the SEPREVEN trial included neonates hospitalized ≥2 days in one of 12 French NICUs and with ≥ 1 BSI during the 20-month study period.

Procalcitonin is a prognosis biomarker in very preterm neonates with late onset sepsis: a pilot study.

Unlabelled: Neonatal sepsis contributes substantially to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a recognized biomarker for the diagnosis of late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS); however, little is known about the prognosis value of PCT in LONS. This study aims at assessing PCT value as a prognosis biomarker in preterm infants with LONS.

Staphylococcus capitis isolated from bloodstream infections: a nationwide 3-month survey in 38 neonatal intensive care units.

To increase the knowledge about S. capitis in the neonatal setting, we conducted a nationwide 3-month survey in 38 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) covering 56.6% of French NICU beds.

Supraclavicular Approach to Ultrasound-Guided Brachiocephalic Vein Cannulation in Children and Neonates.

The correct choice of intra vascular access in critically ill neonates should be individualized depending on the type and duration of therapy, gestational and chronological age, weight and/or size, diagnosis, clinical status, and venous system patency. Accordingly, there is an ongoing demand for optimization of catheterization. Recently, the use of ultrasound (US)-guided cannulation of the subclavian vein (SCV) has been described in children and neonates.

Sepsis risk factors in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare congenital anomaly and remains among the most challenging ICU-managed disease. Beside severe pulmonary hypertension, lung hypoplasia and major abdominal surgery, infective complications remain major determinants of outcome. However, the specific incidence of sepsis as well as associated risk factors is unknown.

Ultrasound-Guided Subclavian Vein Cannulation in Low Birth Weight Neonates.

Objectives: Central venous access in critically ill, small infants remains technically challenging even in experienced hands. Several vascular accesses exist, but the subclavian vein is often preferred for central venous catheter insertion in infants where abdominal malformation and/or closure of the vein preclude the use of umbilical venous catheters, as catheterization of the subclavian vein is easier in very short necks than the internal jugular vein for age-related anatomical reasons. The subclavian vein approach is yet relatively undescribed in low birth weight infants (i.

Pediatric single-lumen cannula venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a French center experience.

Single-lumen cannula venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a special extracorporeal life support (ECLS) technique used for neonatal and pediatric refractory hypoxemia. This is an alternative flow rate ECLS that consists of successive clamping on the drainage and the injection lines. Currently, the Armand-Trousseau's pediatric intensive care unit remains the only pediatric ECMO center proposing this partial assistance.

Effect of moxifloxacin combined with cefotaxime compared to cefotaxime-gentamicin combination on prevention of white matter damage associated with Escherichia coli sepsis in neonatal rats.

Relative to the cefotaxime-gentamicin combination, the moxifloxacin-cefotaxime combination significantly reduced microglial activation and immature oligodendrocyte cell death and delayed myelination in the developing white matter of neonatal rats with experimental Escherichia coli sepsis. These neuroprotective effects were not due to differences in in vivo bactericidal activities or in the systemic inflammatory responses and could be related to the intrinsic immunomodulatory properties of moxifloxacin. Molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of moxifloxacin remain to be elucidated.

Ciprofloxacin prevents myelination delay in neonatal rats subjected to E. coli sepsis.

Objective: Perinatal infections and the systemic inflammatory response to them are critical contributors to white matter disease (WMD) in the developing brain despite the use of highly active antibiotics. Fluoroquinolones including ciprofloxacin (CIP) have intrinsic anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesized that CIP, in addition to its antibacterial activity, could exert a neuroprotective effect by modulating white matter inflammation in response to sepsis.