Personality traits as predictors of depression across the lifespan.

Background: Depression is a major public health concern. A barrier for research has been the heterogeneous nature of depression, complicated by the categorical diagnosis of depression which is based on a cluster of symptoms, each with its own etiology. To address the multifactorial etiology of depression and its high comorbidity with anxiety, we aimed to examine the relations between personality traits, diverse behavioral, cognitive and physical measures, and depression and anxiety over the lifespan.

Attitudes toward children: Distinguishing affection and stress.

Background: Adults' views and behaviors toward children can vary from being supportive to shockingly abusive, and there are significant unanswered questions about the psychological factors underpinning this variability.

Objective: The present research examined the content of adults' attitudes toward children to address these questions.

Method: Ten studies (N = 4702) identified the factor structure of adults' descriptions of babies, toddlers, and school-age children and examined how the resulting factors related to a range of external variables.

Effect of fatigue on muscle latency, muscle activation and perceived discomfort when exposed to whole-body vibration.

Whole-body vibration and muscle fatigue have both been shown to delay the trunk muscle reflex response and increase trunk muscle activation, leading to an increased risk of low back injuries. However, the effects of whole-body vibration on previously fatigued trunk muscles have never been tested, despite studies showing that prolonged exposure to whole-body vibration can lead to muscle fatigue. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of muscle fatigue on muscle latency, muscle activation and perceived discomfort when exposed to whole-body vibration.