Changes in taste and odor sensitivities during repeated bicycle ergometer exercises.

Background: Effective nutritional support is essential for maintaining good performance during exercise. Taste and olfaction are key senses for food intake, and understanding how their sensitivities change during exercise is important for effective nutritional support. However, the effects of exercise on taste and odor sensitivities remain unclear.

Radical Resection of Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma With Multiple Liver Metastases Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Case Report.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a relatively rare disease that is difficult to detect in the early stages; therefore, it often has a poor prognosis. We present a rare case of SBA and multiple liver metastases in a patient who underwent curative resection combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). A 70-year-old woman presented to the emergency department complaining of abdominal pain and bloating.

Cerebral Angiography and Neurobehavioral Patterns in a Non-human Primate Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model.

Background/aim: Ischemic stroke is a major health concern globally and developing reliable animal models is crucial for understanding its pathophysiology. This study evaluated the relationship between cerebral angiographic findings and neurologic dysfunction in an acute non-human primate thromboembolic stroke model and determined the minimum clot length for suitable middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion.

Materials And Methods: A thromboembolic stroke model was developed by injecting autologous blood clots (length: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 cm, n=1 to 3, 14 monkeys in total) into the internal carotid artery of male cynomolgus monkeys.

[A Case of Juvenile AFP-Producing Gastric Cancer with Virchow Lymph Node Metastasis Achieved Long-Term Survival with Multimodal Therapy].

A 25-year-old male received palliative total gastrectomy plus D1 dissection plus Roux-en-Y reconstruction for hemorrhagic gastric cancer with left Virchow lymph node metastasis in 2013. The final diagnosis was Type 2, pT4a(se), pap>tub2 >hepatoid adenocarcinoma, pN3b, sM1, fStage Ⅳ. Because AFP was as high as 11,000 ng/mL, he was diagnosed with AFP-producing gastric cancer and started S-1 plus CDDP therapy.

Differential gene regulation by a synthetic vitamin D receptor ligand and active vitamin D in human cells.

Vitamin D (VD) exerts a wide variety of biological functions including calcemic activity. VD nutritional status is closely associated with the onset and development of chronic diseases. To develop a VD analog with the desired VD activity but without calcemic activity, we screened synthetic VDR antagonists.

Advances in the Administration of Vitamin D Analogues to Support Bone Health and Treat Chronic Diseases.

Vitamin D (VD) exerts a wide variety of biological actions in addition to its well-known roles in calcium homeostasis. Nutritional VD deficiency induces rachitic abnormalities in growing children and osteomalacia in adults, and it has been proposed to underlie the onset and development of multiple non-communicable chronic diseases. Therefore, the administration of VD or synthetic VD analogues represents a promising therapeutic strategy; indeed, VD and a VD agonist have shown clinical promise in mitigating osteoporosis and symptoms of insufficient calcium intake.

Comparison of factors associated with drooling between intractable neuromuscular disease and cerebral palsy.

Drooling represents a common and noteworthy symptom in patients with intractable neuromuscular disease (IND) and cerebral palsy (CP) and can lead to poor quality of life (QOL) and higher incidence of death due to aspiration of saliva. Identifying the factors affecting drooling is crucial to improving QOL and improving the poor prognosis of patients with IND and CP. This study sought to assess the prevalence of drooling and to elucidate the associated factors, drugs, and differences between patients with IND and CP.

Dietary Patterns Associated with General Health of Breastfeeding Women 1-2 Months Postpartum: Data from the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort.

Background: The effects of dietary patterns on health outcome of lactating women remain unclear.

Objectives: To describe the dietary patterns of lactating Japanese women and explore the association between dietary patterns and their general health.

Methods: This study included 1096 lactating women from the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort.

Bifunctional DEGS2 has higher hydroxylase activity toward substrates with very-long-chain fatty acids in the production of phytosphingosine ceramides.

Phytosphingosine (PHS) is a sphingolipid component present mainly in epithelial tissues, including the epidermis and those lining the digestive tract. DEGS2 is a bifunctional enzyme that produces ceramides (CERs) containing PHS (PHS-CERs) via hydroxylation and sphingosine-CERs via desaturation, using dihydrosphingosine-CERs as substrates. Until now, the role of DEGS2 in permeability barrier functioning, its contribution to PHS-CER production, and the mechanism that differentiates between these two activities have been unknown.

[A Case of Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy for Juvenile Polyposis of Stomach with Synchronous Multiple Intramucosal Carcinomas].

The patient was a 57-year-old woman. She was referred to our hospital because severe anemia. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed polyposis throughout the stomach and lobulated polyps in cardia, greater curve of middle body of the stomach, and angulus.

Effect of low body mass index on clinical recovery after fusion surgery for osteoporotic vertebral fracture: A retrospective, multicenter study of 237 cases.

A retrospective multicenter study. Body mass index (BMI) is recognized as an important determinant of osteoporosis and spinal postoperative outcomes; however, the specific impact of BMI on surgery for osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) remains inconclusive. This retrospective multicenter study investigated the impact of BMI on clinical outcomes following fusion surgery for OVFs.

First case of hemochromatosis in a sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps).

A 14-year-old, male sugar glider presented with lethargy, anorexia, diarrhea, and paralysis of the hind limbs, and ultrasonography showed possible liver dysfunction. Some medications were administered, but the animal died 10 months after the first presentation, and a necropsy was performed. Histopathologically, hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, severe deposition of hemosiderin in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes, bridging fibrosis, and regenerative nodules were observed in the liver.

Comparison of surgical outcomes of posterior surgeries between cervical spondylotic myelopathy and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter study.

Objective: To compare the surgical outcomes and complications of posterior decompression between individuals with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and those with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Setting: Seventeen medical institutions in Japan.

Changes in cross-sectional areas of posterior extensor muscles in thoracic spine: a 10-year longitudinal MRI study.

Age-related changes in the posterior extensor muscles of the cervical and lumbar spine have been reported in some studies; however, longitudinal changes in the thoracic spine of healthy subjects are rarely reported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate changes in the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of posterior extensor muscles in the thoracic spine over 10 years and identify related factors. The subjects of this study were 85 volunteers (mean age: 44.

[A Case of Gastric Cancer Treated with Resection and Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Japan after FOLFOX Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in USA].

A 73‒year‒old man, living in the United States since 1985, visited the University of Minnesota Medical Center with a complaint of upper abdominal pain in December 2019. Gastroendoscopy revealed a depressed lesion in the U area of the stomach, and the biopsy results indicated a diagnosis of por/sig. On further examination, the condition was diagnosed as gastric cancer of cStage II/III.

Use of near-infrared imaging using indocyanine green associates with the lower incidence of postoperative complications for intestinal and mesenteric injury.

Anastomotic leakage after intestinal resection is one of the most serious complications of surgical intervention for hollow viscus injury. Adequate vascular perfusion of the anastomotic site is essential to prevent anastomotic leakage. Near-infrared imaging using indocyanine green (NIR-ICG) is useful for the objective assessment of vascular perfusion.

The Long-term Impact of Whiplash Injuries on Patient Symptoms and the Associated Degenerative Changes Detected Using MRI: A Prospective 20-year Follow-up Study Comparing Patients with Whiplash-associated Disorders with Asymptomatic Subjects.

Study Design: A longitudinal, 20-year comparative study of patients with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD).

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the long-term impact of WAD on patient symptoms and on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the cervical spine, in comparison with asymptomatic volunteers.

Summary Of Background Data: The long-term impact of WAD has not been fully elucidated.