Gastrointestinal bleed mortality disparities in patients with atrial fibrillation: A cross-sectional analysis 1999-2020.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is often encountered among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) due to the use of anticoagulation. This study assesses disparities in GIB-related mortality among decedents with AF in the United States.

Methods: GIB mortality data in patients with AF from 1999 to 2020 was queried from the CDC database.

Intraoperative Facet Joint Block Reduces Pain After Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) results in less tissue damage than in other surgeries, but immediate postoperative pain occurs. Notably, facet joint widening occurs in the vertebral body after OLIF. We hypothesized that the application of a facet joint block to the area of widening would relieve facet joint pain.

Multiplex genome editing eliminates lactate production without impacting growth rate in mammalian cells.

The Warburg effect, which describes the fermentation of glucose to lactate even in the presence of oxygen, is ubiquitous in proliferative mammalian cells, including cancer cells, but poses challenges for biopharmaceutical production as lactate accumulation inhibits cell growth and protein production. Previous efforts to eliminate lactate production in cells for bioprocessing have failed as lactate dehydrogenase is essential for cell growth. Here, we effectively eliminate lactate production in Chinese hamster ovary and in the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 by simultaneous knockout of lactate dehydrogenases and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases, thereby removing a negative feedback loop that typically inhibits pyruvate conversion to acetyl-CoA.

Streptococcus pneumoniae endophthalmitis after exposed glaucoma drainage implant.

A patient with juvenile glaucoma status post 2 glaucoma drainage implants in each eye presents with painful vision loss in the left eye and is found to have streptococcus pneumoniae endophthalmitis from an exposed inferior glaucoma drainage implant. The infection is managed medically with intravitreal antibiotics and surgically with a glaucoma drainage device revision, anterior chamber washout and pars plana vitrectomy.

Quinine inhibits myogenic differentiation by disrupting AKT signaling pathway.

Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by decreased muscle fibers and mass. Although it mainly affects the older adults, it can also occur in various age groups as a secondary effect of medications used for treating certain diseases, such as cancer and diabetes. With population aging, sarcopenia has drawn significant attention owing to its increasing prevalence.

Identification of Bioactive Compounds from the Roots of and Their In Silico and In Vitro AMPK Activation Potential.

Libosch., which belongs to the Orobanchaceae family, is a perennial herb found in China, Japan, and Korea. In traditional medicine, it is used to cool the body, improve water metabolism in the kidney, and provide protection from metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity.

Identification of New Polyacetylenes from with PPAR-α Activity Study.

Leveille is a traditional medicine used to treat migraine headache and dysmenorrhea. In this study, three polyacetylenes, methyl (10,9,16)-16-acetoxy-9-hydroxyoctadeca-10,17-dien-12,14-diynoate (), methyl (10,9,16)-9,16-dihydroxyoctadeca-10-en-12,14-diynoate (), and methyl (10,9,16)-9,16-dihydroxyoctadeca-10,17-dien-12,14-diynoate (), were isolated from the aerial parts of . , together with seven known compounds (-).

Colorimetric identification of colorless acid vapors using a metal-organic framework-based sensor.

In terms of safety and emergency response, identifying hazardous gaseous acid chemicals is crucial for ensuring effective evacuation and administering proper first aid. However, current studies struggle to distinguish between different acid vapors and remain in the early stages of development. In this study, we propose an on-site monitorable acid vapor decoder, MOF-808-EDTA-Cu, integrating the robust MOF-808 with Cu-EDTA, functioning as a proton-triggered colorimetric decoder that translates the anionic components of corrosive acids into visible colors.

Electrolyte Anions Suppress Hydrogen Generation in Electrochemical CO Reduction on Cu.

In this study, we employed electrochemical-mass spectrometry (EC-MS) to elucidate the role of halide anions in electrochemical CO and CO reduction. We found that the undesired hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was significantly suppressed by the anion used. Specifically, the rates of H production decreased in the order KF > KCl > KI, meaning that I most strongly suppressed HER.

Co-treatment with melatonin and ortho-topolin riboside exhibits anti-proliferation activity in radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells by altering metabolic and transcriptomic profiles.

Radiation therapy represents the primary treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer. However, radio resistance is associated with a poor prognosis and an increased risk of recurrence. Radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells, a radioresistant triple-negative breast cancer cell line, were co-treated with ortho-topolin riboside and melatonin.

Aspergillus ullungdoensis sp. nov., Penicillium jeongsukae sp. nov., and other fungi from Korea.

Eurotiales fungi are thought to be distributed worldwide but there is a paucity of information about their occurrence on diverse substrates or hosts and at specific localities. Some of the Eurotiales, including Aspergillus and Penicillium species, produce an array of secondary metabolites of use for agricultural, medicinal, and pharmaceutical applications. Here, we carried out a survey of the Eurotiales in South Korea, focusing on soil, freshwater, and plants (dried persimmon fruits and seeds of Perilla frutescens, known commonly as shiso).

Stretchable photosensors with InN nanowires operating at a wavelength of 1.3 μm.

Stretchable photosensors, which operate in the wavelength window of 1.3 μm, were fabricated with InN nanowires (NWs) and graphene to serve as a light-absorbing medium and carrier channel, respectively. Specifically, the stretchable photosensors were fabricated by transferring InN NWs embedded in graphene layers onto polyurethane substrates pre-stretched at the strain levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60%.

Antiapoptosis Engineering for Improved Protein Production from CHO Cells.

Improving the time integral of viable cell concentration by overcoming cell death, namely apoptosis, is one of the most widely used strategies for the efficient production of therapeutic proteins. By establishing stable cell lines that overexpress antiapoptotic genes or downregulate proapoptotic genes, the final product yields can be enhanced as cells become more resistant to environmental stresses. From the selection of high-expressing clones to verification of antiapoptotic activity, the method to construct a stable antiapoptotic cell line is discussed in this chapter.

Non-volatile Fermi level tuning for the control of spin-charge conversion at room temperature.

Current silicon-based CMOS devices face physical limitations in downscaling size and power loss, restricting their capability to meet the demands for data storage and information processing of emerging technologies. One possible alternative is to encode the information in a non-volatile magnetic state and manipulate this spin state electronically, as in spintronics. However, current spintronic devices rely on the current-driven control of magnetization, which involves Joule heating and power dissipation.

A response time model of the three-choice Mnemonic Similarity Task provides stable, mechanistically interpretable individual-difference measures.

Introduction: The Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) is a widely used measure of individual tendency to discern small differences between remembered and presently presented stimuli. Significant work has established this measure as a reliable index of neurological and cognitive dysfunction and decline. However, questions remain about the neural and psychological mechanisms that support performance in the task.