Use of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray for urine analysis: A preliminary investigation.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) are powerful tools to study the ultrastructure of numerous specimens and to determine their elemental composition, respectively. However, results have not yet been reported on their application to urine samples in routine clinical laboratory practice. Herein we investigate urine sediment by using SEM and EDX to detect and identify different urine components.