Publications by authors named "Noelle Louise O'Regan"
Helminths have evolved numerous pathways to prevent their expulsion or elimination from the host to ensure long-term survival. During infection, they target numerous host cells, including macrophages, to induce an alternatively activated phenotype, which aids elimination of infection, tissue repair, and wound healing. Multiple animal-based studies have demonstrated a significant reduction or complete reversal of disease by helminth infection, treatment with helminth products, or helminth-modulated macrophages in models of allergy, autoimmunity, and sepsis.
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- Monocytes stimulated by microfilarial lysate from the Brugia malayi parasite develop a regulatory phenotype that inhibits immune responses, characterized by high levels of IL-10 and PD-L1 expression.
- This regulatory effect is also observed in monocytes from asymptomatic filariasis patients, unlike those with pathology, indicating a unique immune modulation in asymptomatic cases.
- Overall, the study highlights how microfilariae may induce changes in monocyte and macrophage function, potentially contributing to immune dysfunction in human filariasis.