Prevalence of drug use before and during imprisonment in seven European countries (2014-2018).

Substance use is a global phenomenon that is particularly affecting the prison population. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of drug use among people in prison before and during incarceration in seven European countries and to compare it with the prevalence in the general population. Individual data collection was carried out between 2014 and 2018 with a model European Questionnaire on Drug Use among people in prison.

[COVID-19 impact on substance use and behaviors with addictive potential: Spanish Observatory on Drugs and Addictions survey.].

The Covid-19 pandemic and the measures adopted for its control have had a significant impact, both in and at health, social and personal levels. The Spanish Observatory of Drugs and Addictions designed a survey to study the change in the pattern of consumption of psychoactive substances and other behaviors with addictive potential, such as the use of the Internet and gambling with money, in the Spanish population during the pandemic COVID-19. A random sample of 7,886 people aged 15 to 64 was interviewed by a telephone survey.

Cocaine-related health emergencies in Europe: a review of sources of information, trends and implications for service development.

Background: Cocaine-related health consequences are difficult to observe. Data on drug users in health-emergency settings may be a useful source of information on consequences that are not visible via other information sources.

Methods: Thirty European countries submit an annual national report on the drug situation to the EMCDDA.

Effects of socialization and family factors on adolescent excessive drinking in Spain.

Adolescent drinking has an important health and social impact in many countries. In Spain, this behavior often takes place in groups and in open areas (known as "botellón"). The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of excessive drinking among Spanish adolescents and its association with socialization and family factors.

Perception and consumption of alcohol among the immigrant population from Latin America in Valencia region (Spain).

This study examines patterns of alcohol consumption among the Hispanic immigrant population in Valencia (Spain), and also whether the length of immigrants' residence in our country and perceived degree of discrimination have any influence on such patterns. A total of 610 Spanish-speaking immigrants (314 women, 296 men) over 15 years of age, from six Hispano-American countries were interviewed in 2006; 76.8% had consumed alcohol in the previous 12 months; 37.

Methadone maintenance treatment: a protective factor for cocaine injection in a street-recruited cohort of heroin users.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) on cocaine use and cocaine injection among heroin users.

Methods: Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine the association between MMT enrollment (0, <12, ≥12 months) and changes in frequency of cocaine use or injection in two consecutive follow-up visits among heroin users in the Itinere cohort, and to determine whether these changes were independent of equivalent changes in heroin use or injection. Seven multivariate models were constructed, one for each outcome variable on drug use changes.

Occupational safety and health in Spain.

Occupational Health and Safety in Spain has improved considerably over the last decade, most likely due to a new concept where an overall concept of safety culture is defined. Important changes in industrial safety, hygiene, and psychosocial factors present an optimistic panorama for the future of Spain. Despite this general improvement, according to the European Convergence Program, Spanish statistics still offer far from good safety results.