Understanding Potential Mechanisms of Vaping Prevention Messages: A Mediation Analysis of the Real Cost Campaign Advertisements.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a public education campaign, , that reduced youth susceptibility to tobacco product use.

Health harms that discourage alcohol consumption: A randomized experiment of warning messages.

Background: Health warnings about alcohol consumption could inform consumers and discourage alcohol consumption, but little is known about what topics these warnings should address. We sought to identify promising topics for alcohol warnings.

Methods: In January 2024, we recruited a convenience sample of 2,522 US adults ages ≥ 21 years.

The geography of COVID-19 vaccine completion by age in North Carolina, U.S.

Background: Geographic variation in COVID-19 vaccination can create areas at higher risk of infection, complications, and death, exacerbating health inequalities. This ecological study examined geographic patterns of COVID-19 vaccine completion, using age and sociodemographic characteristics as possible explanatory mechanisms.

Methods And Findings: Using 2020-2022 data from the North Carolina COVID-19 Vaccination Management System and U.

Uncontrolled vaping and restraint strategies: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Little is known about uncontrolled vaping, defined as vaping more than the user prefers. We sought to understand e-cigarette users' experiences with uncontrolled vaping and how they restrain their vaping.

Methods: Participants were 24 US adult e-cigarette users recruited in 2021.

Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening by Sexual Orientation Among Low-Income Women in North Carolina.

We sought to examine cervical cancer screening barriers by sexual orientation among low-income women in North Carolina. The MyBodyMyTest-3 Trial recruited low-income women (< 250% of federal poverty level) aged 25-64 years who were 1+ year overdue for cervical cancer screening. We compared perceptions of cervical cancer screening among those who self-identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBQ; n = 70) to straight/heterosexual women (n = 683).

Behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccination initiation in the US: a longitudinal study March─ October 2021.

Many studies have examined behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccination initiation, but few have examined these drivers longitudinally. We sought to identify the drivers of COVID-19 vaccination initiation using the Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination (BeSD) Framework. Participants were a nationally-representative sample of 1,563 US adults who had not received a COVID-19 vaccine by baseline.

Identifying Healthcare Professionals With Lower Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Recommendation Quality: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Strengthening healthcare professionals' (HCPs) communication is an evidence-based approach to increasing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among adolescents. To better target future interventions, we sought to synthesize evidence on HCP subgroups who most need to improve their HPV vaccine recommendation quality.

Methods: We searched five databases for quantitative studies published from 2012 to 2022 on HPV vaccine recommendation quality, including recommendation consistency and strength, for United States adolescents.

Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural community pharmacies: a protocol for a stepped wedge randomized clinical trial.

Background: Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines remains problematically low in the USA, especially in rural areas. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with lower uptake, which translates to higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 variants in communities where vaccination coverage is low. Because community pharmacists are among the most accessible and trusted health professionals in rural areas, this randomized clinical trial will examine implementation strategies to support rural pharmacists in delivering an adapted evidence-based intervention to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Effects of Modified Risk Tobacco Product Claims on Consumer Responses.

Introduction: US tobacco manufacturers can seek authorization from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market products using modified risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims. To inform regulatory decisions, we examined the impact of MRTP claim specificity and content, including whether the claims produced halo effects (ie, inferring health benefits beyond what is stated).

Aims And Methods: Participants were 3161 US adult cigarette smokers.

Optimizing Cancer Prevention in Adolescents by Improving HPV Vaccine Delivery.

Routine HPV vaccination can prevent six cancers. Best practices for achieving high adolescent HPV vaccination coverage include automatically scheduled appointments, presumptive provider recommendations, standing orders, feedback on vaccination rates, and incentives. Promising practices include starting HPV vaccine recommendations and vaccine registry forecasting at age 9 and school entry requirements.

Optimising messages and images for e-cigarette warnings.

Background: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) to have a single addiction warning, but many other health harms are associated with vaping and warnings grow stale over time. We aimed to develop new warning messages and images to discourage e-cigarette use.

Methods: Participants were 1629 US adults who vaped or smoked.

Cervical Cancer Screening Knowledge, Perceptions, and Behaviors in a Multiracial Cohort of Low-Income, Underscreened Women in North Carolina.

Underscreened, low-income, and uninsured or publicly insured women in the United States bear a greater burden of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality and may face unique barriers that preclude screening adherence. Participants were 710 My Body My Test-3 clinical trial participants who were publicly insured or uninsured with incomes ≤250% of the U.S.

Examining the Longitudinal Relationship Between Perceived and Actual Message Effectiveness: A Randomized Trial.

We sought to examine the relationship between perceived message effectiveness (PME) and actual message effectiveness (AME) in a 3-week randomized trial of vaping prevention advertisements. Participants were US adolescents ( = 1,514) recruited in 2021. We randomly assigned them to view vaping prevention ads or control videos online.

How to make effective HPV vaccine recommendations starting at age 9.

This article provides best and promising practices for recommending HPV vaccination at age 9 as a way to ensure high uptake. An effective method for recommending HPV vaccination is the Announcement Approach, which consists of 3 evidence-based steps. The first step, , involves noting that the child is 9 years old, saying they are due for a vaccine that prevents 6 HPV cancers, and saying you'll vaccinate today.

Longitudinal transitions in e-cigarette and cigarette use among US adults: prospective cohort study.

Background: To support tobacco control efforts, this study sought to characterize longitudinal transitions in use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and cigarettes.

Methods: Participants were nationally representative samples of 53,729 US adults from Waves 3-5 (2015-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We examined behavioral transitions (initiation, relapse, progression, and cessation) in ENDS and cigarette use across waves.

Human papillomavirus vaccination at the first opportunity: An overview.

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for adolescents in the United States since 2006. Though recommended at a similar time to the routine recommendations for adolescent tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccination (Tdap) and quadrivalent meningococcal vaccination (MCV4), HPV vaccine uptake has consistently lagged behind these other adolescent vaccines. The ACIP recommends HPV vaccination at 11-12 y, with vaccination starting at 9 y of age included as an option that is routinely encouraged by the American Academy of Pediatrics and American Cancer Society.