Key Determinants of Immediate Postoperative Pain, Nausea, and Vomiting in Orthognathic Surgery: Insights From a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction Orthognathic surgery frequently leads to immediate postoperative pain (IPP) and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), impacting patient recovery and satisfaction. This study aims to identify key determinants contributing to IPP and PONV following orthognathic surgery. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at Kurume University Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023.