Publications by authors named "Nobuyuki Nishikawa"

An 85 year-old man was referred to our hospital because of a relapse of abscess after open surgical drainage of the right scrotum. Computed tomography (CT) showed fluid accumulation in the right scrotum and around the membranous urethra. The abscess was controlled by an open surgical drainage of the right scrotum, CT guided percutaneous drainage of the periurethral abscess and administration of antibiotics.

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Background: Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of health care-associated bacteremia, especially in patients with an indwelling medical device. However, S. epidermidis is an uncommon causative organism in catheter-associated urinary tract infection, and rare pyelonephritis without any indwelling urinary device.

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We herein report a case of penile pyoderma gangrenosum that was successfully treated with prednisolone and by urethrocutaneostomy without penectomy. A man in his 50s visite dour department because of painful urination. Pyuria and redness of the external urethral meatus were present.

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Aims: Bladder wall stretch increases tissue tension and releases adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) as part of a transduction process to sense bladder filling. Aging is associated with bladder fibrosis to produce a stiffer bladder wall: this may augment ATP release and contribute to age-dependent urgency. Muscarinic agonists also release ATP and present a potential target for antimuscarinic agents, but its age-dependency is unknown.

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Background And Purpose: PDE inhibitors such as sildenafil alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms; however, a complete understanding of their action on the bladder remains unclear. We are investigating the effects of sildenafil, on post and preganglionic nerve-mediated contractions of the mouse bladder, and neuronal and urothelial ATP release.

Experimental Approach: Bladders were used from young (12 weeks), aged (24 months), and spinal cord transected (SCT), mice, for in vitro contractility experiments.

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Day-night changes in the storage capacity of the urinary bladder are indispensable for sound sleep. Connexin 43 (Cx43), a major gap junction protein, forms hemichannels as a pathway of ATP in other cell types, and the urinary bladder utilizes ATP as a mechanotransduction signals to modulate its capacity. Here, we demonstrate that the circadian clock of the urothelium regulates diurnal ATP release through Cx43 hemichannels.

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Background: To investigate the expression of parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor 1 (PTH1R) in clinical specimens of normal and diseased bladders. PTHrP is a unique stretch-induced endogenous detrusor relaxant that functions via PTH1R. We hypothesized that suppression of this axis could be involved in the pathogenesis of bladder disease.

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Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) include storage, voiding and post-micturition symptoms, featuring many urological diseases. Storage symptoms are the most frequent among these and associated with overactive bladder and non-bacterial bladder inflammation such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Gap junction, a key regulator of hyperactive conditions in the bladder, has been reported to be involved in pathological bladder inflammation.

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Acute bladder distension causes various morphologic and functional changes, in part through altered gene expression. We aimed to investigate the physiologic role of PTHrP, which is up-regulated in an acute bladder distension model in female rats. In the control Empty group, bladders were kept empty for 6 hours, and in the Distension group, bladders were kept distended for 3 hours after an artificial storing-voiding cycle for 3 hours.

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Overactive bladder (OAB) is a pervasive clinical problem involving alterations in both neurogenic and myogenic activity. While there has been some progress in understanding neurogenic inputs to OAB, the mechanisms controlling myogenic bladder activity are unclear. We report the involvement of myocardin (MYOCD) and microRNA-1 (miR-1) in the regulation of connexin 43 (GJA1), a major gap junction in bladder smooth muscle, and the collective role of these molecules during post-natal bladder development.

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Article Synopsis
  • Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) in kids and nocturia (frequent urination at night) in older people happen when the kidneys make too much urine while sleeping.
  • Researchers found that a protein called connexin43 in the bladder helps control how much urine can be held and it changes throughout the day.
  • Mice with a working body clock showed regular changes in connexin43, but mice without a clock lost these patterns, suggesting that our body clocks help prevent nighttime bathroom trips that disturb sleep.
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We report the impact of anti-urothelial autoantibody (AUAb) on urinary bladder phenotype in BALB/c mice deficient of the FcγRIIb and PD-1. AUAb was present in serum samples from approximately half of the double-knockout (DKO) mice, as detected by immunofluorescence and immunoblots for urothelial proteins including uroplakin IIIa. The AUAb-positive DKO mice showed degeneration of urothelial plaque and umbrella cells, along with infiltration of inflammatory cells in the suburothelial layer.

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A 38-year-old man presented with left intrascrotal painless mass. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations demonstrated a cystic lesion at the upper side of left testis without enhancement. This mass gradually enlarged in size, and left high orchiectomy was planned.

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A 21-year-old male presented at our hospital with a complaint of left scrotal swelling. The serum human chorionic gonadotropin-β (hCG-β) level was 1.3 ng/ml.

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Purpose: To assess hydronephrosis of tubeless cutaneous ureterostomy using Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) diuretic renogram.

Materials And Methods: Cutaneous ureterostomy with a unilateral stomal creation was performed in 15 patients (27 renal units) with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months. Stomal obstruction was evaluated with Tc-99m MAG3 diuretic renography 3 months after the surgery.

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We constructed Toyoda cutaneous ureterostomy with fixation between the anterior and posterior rectus sheath by four interrupted sutures to maintain the stability of the abdominal wall tunnel for the ureters. After the operation, the stent catheters were placed in the renal pelvis through the stoma, and exchanged every 4 weeks. The stent catheters were removed 3 months after the operation, because the stomal conditions were unstable and obstructive in the early phase after the operation.

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We report the case of a 76-year-old woman who developed a colonic adenocarcinoma and a stone in an Indiana pouch 15 years after the urinary diversion. The colonic adenocarcinoma was treated endoscopically and we were able to preserve the Indiana pouch. To our knowledge, this is the sixth case of colonic adenocarcinoma in an Indiana pouch.

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In order to assess the ability of our protocol for antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent perioperative infections in urologic surgery, 1,353 operations of open and laparoscopic urologic surgery conducted in 21 hospitals between September 2002 and August 2003 were subjected to analyses. We classified surgical procedures into four categories by invasiveness and contamination levels: Category A; clean less invasive surgery, Category B; clean invasive or clean-contaminated surgery, Category C; surgery with urinary tract diversion using the intestine. Prophylactic antibiotics were administrated intravenously according to our protocol, such as Category A; first or second generation cephems or penicillins on the operative day only, Category B; first and second generation cephems or penicillins for 3 days, and Category C; first, second or third generation cephems or penicillins for 4 days.

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Since the adrenal gland is a common site of metastatic disease, it is sometimes difficult to find the primary lesion only by diagnostic imaging. We report a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with bilateral adrenal involvement, in which percutaneous needle biopsy was useful to determine the histology.

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We report a case of renal artery aneurysm ruptured during pregnancy. A 32-year-old woman presented at 38th week of gestation with left flank pain. We performed a cesarean delivery for fetal distress, and found retroperitoneal hemorrhage.

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