Efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in a patient with brain metastasis of parotid carcinoma: A case report.

CheckMate 141, an open-label, randomized phase III trial of nivolumab, indicated that treatment with nivolumab prolonged overall survival of patients with platinum-refractory, recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Herein, we describe a case of brain metastasis of parotid carcinoma in which a good response was achieved after nivolumab treatment. The patient was a 67-year-old woman with parotid carcinoma (cT4bN0M0) who received induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation.

[A Comparison of Analgesic Effect between Loxoprofen and Celecoxib and the Frequency of the Hemorrhage Following Tonsillectomy].

Hemorrhage following tonsillectomy is still a major complication despite the progress in medical technology. Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor and has a lower effect of platelet aggregation compared with conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We investigated whether or not the selection of celecoxib would reduce the risk of hemorrhage and provide a good analgesic effect following tonsillectomy in comparison with the use of loxoprofen (a conventional NSAID).

[Clinical Features of the Pediatric Acquired Cholesteatoma Based on the Staging Criteria for Cholesteatoma 2010 Japan].

In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical features of the pediatric acquired cholesteatoma based on the staging criteria for cholesteatoma 2010 Japan. Between 2001 and 2012, total of 36 pediatric patients underwent otologic surgery at our hospital, 29 patients (29 ears) with pars flaccida cholesteatoma and 7 patients (7 ears) with pars tensa cholesteatoma. The age range was 4 to 15 years, (median was 10.

[The Significance of Resection of the Cricoid Cartilage as a Surgical Procedure in Laryngotracheal Surgery].

The cricoid cartilage has been regarded as an extremely important organ because it plays important role in both of phonation and breathing. We herein report on two different types of surgical procedure for laryngotracheal diseases with aggressive resection of the cricoid cartilage. The first procedure is a tracheostomaplasty by partial resection of the cricoid cartilage.

Evaluation of X-ray doses and their corresponding biological effects on experimental animals in cone-beam micro-CT scans (R-mCT2).

Studies show that the radiation dose received during a micro-CT examination may have adverse effects on living subjects. However, the correlations between the biological effects and the radiation doses have never been thoroughly evaluated in the majority of cases. In this study, we evaluated the biological radiation effects of measured radiation doses in ICR mice using cone-beam micro-CT scans.

[Submucosal Partial-turbinectomy (SPT) Preceding an Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) Procedure].

Preceding a endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), we have proposed performing a submucosal partial-turbinectomy (SPT) which removes a part of the inferior nasal concha bone attached to maxillary sinus with an antrostomy. By this method, we could not only make a large antrostomy but also obtain good maneuverability by opening the middle nasal meatus in ESS. We performed SPT preceding ESS in 140 cases (261 sides) between January 2012 and June 2014.

NIRS external dose estimation system for Fukushima residents after the Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP accident.

The great east Japan earthquake and subsequent tsunamis caused Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident. National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) developed the external dose estimation system for Fukushima residents. The system is being used in the Fukushima health management survey.

Expression of Trefoil factor family peptides in the nasal allergic mucosa.

Objective: Trefoil factor family peptides (TFFs) are the secretory products of mucous cells and are closely associated with mucins. TFFs appear to be important in mucosal healing processes. Although TFF1/3 are expressed in the human respiratory tract, their role in the nasal mucosa is not thoroughly understood.

Dose-response effect of charged carbon beam on normal rat retina assessed by electroretinography.

Purpose: To compare the effects of carbon beam irradiation with those of proton beam irradiation on the physiology of the retina of rats.

Methods And Materials: Eight-week-old Wister rats were used. The right eyes were irradiated with carbon beam (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 Gy) or proton beam (4, 8, 16, and 24 Gy) with the rats under general anesthesia.

Measurement of microdosimetric spectra produced from a 290 MeV/n Spread Out Bragg Peak carbon beam.

This study describes measurements on secondary particles produced by a 290 MeV/n Spread Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) carbon beam. Microdosimetric distributions of secondary fragments from the SOBP carbon beam have been measured by using a new tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) system at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences. The new TEPC system consists of a TEPC, two solid-state detectors (SSD) and a scintillation counter (FSC: forward scintillation counter).

Analysis of syndecan-1 and TGF-beta expression in the nasal mucosa and nasal polyps.

Objective: Increased understanding of cytokines and their associated proteoglycans will contribute to the investigation of the formation of nasal polyps. Recently, some studies have suggested that syndecan-1 ectodomains are shed in response to low respiratory infection, but no studies regarding nasal and paranasal diseases have been reported. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is involved in the regulation of nasal polyps, especially in processes crucial to the initiation, maintenance, and resolution of inflammatory responses.

International intercomparisons of integrating radon detectors in the NIRS radon chamber.

An international intercomparison of integrating detectors was conducted at NIRS (National Institute of Radiological Science, Japan) with a 24.4 m(3) inner volume walk-in radon chamber that has systems to control radon concentration, temperature and humidity. During the first intercomparison (05.

Calculation of dose contributions of electron and charged heavy particles inside phantoms irradiated by monoenergetic neutron.

The radiation-transport code PHITS with an event generator mode has been applied to analyze energy depositions of electrons and charged heavy particles in two spherical phantoms and a voxel-based mouse phantom upon neutron irradiation. The calculations using the spherical phantoms quantitatively clarified the type and energy of charged particles which are released through interactions of neutrons with the phantom elements and contribute to the radiation dose. The relative contribution of electrons increased with an increase in the size of the phantom and with a decrease in the energy of the incident neutrons.

Microdosimetric study for secondary neutrons in phantom produced by a 290 MeV/nucleon carbon beam.

Absorbed doses from main charged-particle beams and charged-particle fragments have been measured with high accuracy for particle therapy, but there are few reports for doses from neutron components produced as fragments. This study describes the measurements on neutron doses produced by carbon beams; microdosimetric distributions of secondary neutrons produced by 290 MeV/nucleon carbon beams have been measured by using a tissue equivalent proportional counter at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba, Japan at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences. The microdosimetric distributions of the secondary neutron were measured on the distal and lateral faces of a body-simulated acrylic phantom (300 mm height x 300 mm width x 253 mm thickness).

Microdosimetric evaluation of secondary particles in a phantom produced by carbon 290 MeV/nucleon ions at HIMAC.

Microdosimetric single event spectra as a function of depth in a phantom for the 290 MeV/nucleon therapeutic carbon beam at HIMAC were measured by using a tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC). Two types of geometries were used: one is a fragment particle identification measurement (PID-mode) with time of flight (TOF) method without a backward phantom, and the other is an in-phantom measurement (IPM-mode) with a backward phantom. On the PID-mode geometry, fragments produced by carbon beam in a phantom are identified by the DeltaE-TOF distribution between two scintillation counters positioned up- and down-stream relative to the tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC).

Irradiation System for HIMAC.

Clinical trials of carbon radiotherapy started at HIMAC in 1994 using three treatment rooms and four beam ports, two horizontal and two vertical. The broad beam method was adopted to make a three-dimensionally uniform field at an isocenter. A spot beam extracted from an accelerator was laterally spread out by using a pair of wobbler magnets and a scatterer.

Arpc1b gene is a candidate prediction marker for choroidal malignant melanomas sensitive to radiotherapy.

Purpose: Choroidal malignant melanomas (CMMs) are the most common primary intraocular tumors in adult humans. Although radiotherapy is commonly used to treat the melanomas, the therapeutic effects are unpredictable. The purpose of this study was to search for a gene(s) that can predict the success of radiotherapy for CMMs.

[Improvement of dose distributions at NIRS's 70 MeV proton eye treatment beam course].

In order to improve dose distributions at NIRS's 70 MeV proton eye treatment beam course, we introduced finer bar ridge filters, and examined the effects of range compensators. The pitch of new bar ridge filters was 5mm in contrast to 15mm pitch of old ones. A NC-machine recently available enabled this refinement.