Comparison of clinical efficacy between 3-day combined clavulanate/amoxicillin preparation treatment and 10-day amoxicillin treatment in children with pharyngolaryngitis or tonsillitis.

The efficacy of 3-day treatment with a combined clavulanate/amoxicillin preparation (Clavamox combination dry syrup for pediatric cases) and 10-day treatment with amoxicillin against pediatric pharyngolaryngitis and tonsillitis caused by Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus was compared. Among the patients included in the efficacy evaluation (54 from the clavulanate/amoxicillin group and 43 from the amoxicillin group), the clinical response rate on completion of treatment was 98.1 % in the clavulanate/amoxicillin group and 92.

Incidence of bacterial coinfection with respiratory syncytial virus bronchopulmonary infection in pediatric inpatients.

Bacterial coinfection occurs in pediatric bronchopulmonary infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but the incidence is uncertain. Our subjects are 188 pediatric inpatients having RSV bronchopulmonary infection in two hospitals in Chiba Prefecture between 2005 and 2007. On admission, antigen detection kits using nasopharyngeal aspirate were performed to detect RSV infection and washed sputum bacterial culture was performed to detect bacterial infection.

[Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia and pneumococcal pneumonia, among children in Chiba City, Japan].

Population-based studies on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are rare in Japan. Among 984 Chiba City children admitted with CAP to 19 local hospitals in 2005, 854 were younger than 5 years old. The annual CAP incidence among children < 5 years old was 19.

[Studies of treatment for Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in children].

We summarize 41 cases of bacterial meningitis in the last 11 years caused by Haemophilus influenzae. All isolates were serotype b strain (Hib). Initial chemotherapy was started with ceftriaxone (CTRX) in 22 cases, ampicillin plus cefotaxime (CTX) in 9, CTRX plus panipenem/betamipron in 5, and CTX in 2.

The importance of bacterial superantigens produced by Staphylococcus aureus in the treatment of atopic dermatitis using povidone-iodine.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is frequently associated with intestinal and cervical lesions. Staphylococcus aureus produces many kinds of toxins, the bacterial superantigens. The detection rate of toxins was 80.

[Continuous occurrence of two cases of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis caused by different strains in a day nursery].

Two cases of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis were occurred continuously in a day nursery. Both isolates obtained from cerebrospinal fluids of 2 patients were beta lactamase producing amoxicillin/clavulanic acid sensitive strains. But biotypes and restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns by SmaI digested pulse-field gel electrophoresis of two isolates were different, respectively.

The importance of disinfection therapy using povidone-iodine solution in atopic dermatitis.

The combination of the local disinfection therapy against Staphylococcus aureus with the conventional therapy for atopic dermatitis has been widely used, and the improvement in skin lesions has been reported to be associated with a remarkable decrease in IgE levels and reagin antibody titers. We have already reported that affected organs were not only the skin but also the gastrointestinal tract in a case with atopic dermatitis. In the present study, the duodenal tissues were examined by biopsy in 32 patients with atopic dermatitis, and mild or chronic duodenitis was observed in all samples.