Impact of an education intervention focusing on comprehensive mindful eating and chewing habits on daily eating practices: A mobile tool-based randomized controlled trial.

Background: Mindful eating (ME) emphasizes full awareness of food consumption, incorporating the practice of eating slowly. Traditional interventions targeting slower eating rates often concentrate on chewing behavior, leaving the impact of ME largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ME program in improving eating rates and mindful eating compared to conventional education centered solely on chewing.

Development of a Reverse-Yield Factor Database Disaggregating Japanese Composite Foods into Raw Primary Commodity Ingredients Based on the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan.

The reverse-yield factor (RF) database was developed for qualitatively and quantitatively disaggregating Japanese composite foods into raw primary commodity (RPC) ingredients. Representative equations for four types (dried, salted, fermented and mixed foods) were developed to calculate RFs using the food content and composition data for composite foods listed in the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan-2020-(STFCJ), published by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. Out of 1150 composite foods identified in the STFCJ, RFs for 54 dried, 41 salted, 40 fermented and 818 mixed foods were obtained.

Gap between the concerns of healthcare professionals and parents' perceptions regarding dietary habits for 18-month- and 3-year-old children in Japan.

Background: A gap has been reported between healthcare professionals' (hereafter "professionals") recognition of preschool children's diets and parents' perception of concern. This study investigated the gap between the concerns reported by professionals and parents' perceptions regarding health and dietary habits by age (18 months and 3 years) and gender in Japan.

Methods: The study design consisted of a cross-sectional, multilevel survey.

Development of a Video-Based Tool for the Self-Assessment of Eating Rates in Young Adult Females.

Eating speed assessments are often based on self-reports, and establishing objective "ratings" is required to improve accuracy. However, no relevant simple assessment tool incorporating "ratings" is currently available. This study aimed to develop a group-adaptable eating rate assessment tool for young females using smartphones.

Validation of the most cost-effective nudge to promote workers' regular self-weighing: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Regular self-weighing is useful in obesity prevention. The impact of nudge-based occupational self-weighing programs in the cluster randomized controlled trial was examined. The primary outcome was regular self-weighing after 6 months, which we used to compute cost-effectiveness.

Mindful Eating Proficiency and Healthy Eating Literacy among Japanese Mothers: Associations with Their Own and Their Children's Eating Behavior.

Mindfulness is a process of focusing one's attention on the present moment. Applying this concept to eating (i.e.

Factors associated with birthweight decline in Japan (1980-2004).

Background: Birthweight has been declining consistently for more than 30 years in Japan. This rapid rise in low birthweight is one of the worst among the countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. We examined potential determinants of birthweight decline in Japan.

Relationship between parents' dietary care and food diversity among preschool children in Japan.

Objective: To identify the relationship between preschool children's dietary diversity and parents' care behaviours related to their diet including contents of foods and snacks, mealtime practice and parent-child communication.

Design: Cross-sectional study. Data were extracted from the National Nutrition Survey on Preschool Children in 2015 by Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.

Policy statement of enteral nutrition for preterm and very low birthweight infants.

For preterm and very low birthweight infants, the mother's own milk is the best nutrition. Based on the latest information for mothers who give birth to preterm and very low birthweight infants, medical staff should encourage and assist mothers to pump or express and provide their own milk whenever possible. If the supply of maternal milk is insufficient even though they receive adequate support, or the mother's own milk cannot be given to her infant for any reason, donor human milk should be used.

Local Governments' Disaster Emergency Communication and Information Collection for Nutrition Assistance.

We examined local governments' disaster emergency communication and information collection and distribution systems. Postal surveys were conducted for all prefectures, cities with public health centers, and specified districts in Tokyo Metropolis in 2005 and 2013. Municipalities were included in the 2013 survey only.

Parent-child cooking meal together may relate to parental concerns about the diets of their toddlers and preschoolers: a cross-sectional analysis in Japan.

Background: Parents often have concerns about the food habits of their young children. Cooking is a frequent behavior related to dietary activities at home. We hypothesized that "a parent cooking meals together with young children might alleviate dietary concerns.

Association between Parent and Child Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intakes: Aomori Prefectural Health and Nutrition Survey, 2016.

This study investigated the association between parent and child sodium and potassium intakes using data from the 2016 Aomori Prefectural Health and Nutrition Survey. We analyzed one day dietary record data of 103 mothers, 94 fathers, 51 children aged 1-3 years, 39 children aged 4-6 years, 91 children aged 7-14 years, and 56 children aged 15-19 years. We also examined the association of sodium and potassium intake between co-habiting grandparents and their grandchildren.

Seasonal changes in sleep duration and sleep problems: A prospective study in Japanese community residents.

Background: A scientific understanding of the effects of seasonal changes on sleep duration and sleep problems such as insomnia and hypersomnia has yet to be elucidated; however, such an understanding could aid the establishment of an optimal sleep hygiene program to treat such problems.

Methods: We investigated the effects of seasonal changes on sleep duration and sleep problems in Japanese community residents. Data on 1,388 individuals aged 15-89 years who participated in the Survey of Seasonal Variations in Food Intakes conducted by the National Institute of Health and Nutrition of Japan (2004-2007) were analyzed.

Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing dietary macronutrients and calcium intake in Cambodian school-aged children.

Background: The nutritional status of school-aged children in Cambodia remains largely unknown. No tools for large-scale assessment of daily nutrient intake exist for this population, making development of appropriate intervention strategies difficult. Thus, we aimed to devise and validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that is suitable for and dedicated to assessing the dietary intake of macronutrients and calcium in school-aged children in Cambodia.

Urban-Rural Differences in Nutritional Status and Dietary Intakes of School-Aged Children in Cambodia.

This study aimed to describe the nutritional status and dietary patterns of Cambodian school-aged children compared with those in the South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS; Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam in 2011) and to clarify the urban-rural differences using data from a nationally representative sample. The survey was conducted in 2014/2015 with a sample of 2020 children aged 6⁻17 years from 136 randomly selected schools. Standardized anthropometric measurements and a 1-day dietary survey by 24-hour recall method were conducted.

The trends in total energy, macronutrients and sodium intake among Japanese: findings from the 1995-2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey.

Monitoring nutritional status of the population is essential in the development and evaluation of national or local health policies. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate analysis on the trends in dietary intake of energy and macronutrients, as well as Na, in Japanese population using the data of series of cross-sectional national surveys - the National Nutrition Survey (NNS) and the National Health Nutrition Survey (NHNS) - during the period from 1995 to 2016. The NNS and NHNS participants aged 20-79 years were included in the analysis.

Grouped factors of the 'SSADE: signs and symptoms accompanying dementia while eating' and nutritional status-An analysis of older people receiving nutritional care in long-term care facilities in Japan.

Background: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are very common among older people, and previous studies showed that BPSD affects eating behaviour negatively, possibly resulting in undernutrition. In a previous study, we constructed a set of 11 items based on direct observations of older people with dementia during mealtime and named them 'SSADE: signs and symptoms accompanying dementia while eating'.

Aims: This study aimed to conduct a factor analysis to clarify the structure of the set of 11 SSADE items and to analyse the relationship of the SSADE with nutritional status.

Physical and social determinants of dietary variety among older adults living alone in Japan.

Aim: Food security and sufficient nutrient intake are critical to longevity and active aging. The present study aimed to elucidate physical and social factors related to dietary variety among single-living older adults in Japanese communities.

Methods: The cross-sectional survey with a self-administrated questionnaire was carried out for all older adults living alone aged 65 years and older in three cities of Japan during 2014.

[Educational Interventions and Evaluation for Obesity Prevention in Preschool Children in Local Communities].

Educational interventions for obesity prevention from early childhood is one of the important measures in health promotion policies, especially in locations where obesity and overweight in school and preschool children are prevalent, such as in the Aomori Prefecture. The Aomori Prefecture government started a new demonstration project in FY 2014 that targeted children in nursing schools for the prevention of obesity through both population approaches (nutrition/physical activity education and nutrition management in lunch programs) and individual approaches to solving overweight in children. Our study group developed a data management tool to routinely accumulate data on measured body height and weight.

[Overview of Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century: Factors Affecting Infant Growth].

There are two major nationwide birth cohort studies in Japan, namely, the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) and the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) conducted by the Ministry of Environment. The former was a longitudinal questionnaire survey focusing on environmental and socioeconomic factors for descriptive epidemiology conducted every year since 2001 by mail. The latter was based on 15 unit centers nationwide with environmental measurements and collection of biological samples for environmental risk evaluation.

Effectiveness of a Nutrition Education Program to Improve Children's Chewing Habits.

This quasi-experimental study determined whether the nutrition education program we developed to promote chewing food properly influenced children's chewing habits successfully. Four kindergarten classes in Japan (150 children, aged 5-6 years) were studied; one class received the educational program in the classroom and at home (Group A) and three classes received the program in the classroom only (Group B). The educational program was integrated into the classes' daily curriculum for five weeks.

Health Economics of Nutrition Intervention in Asia: Cost of Malnutrition.

Asia has recorded the fastest economic growth in the world. However, some countries are still struggling with economic stagnation and poverty. Even in the emerging countries, there are economic disparities between urban and rural areas within a country.

[Epidemiological aspects of overweight and obesity in Japan--international comparisons].

Prevalence of obesity (BMI > or = 30) in Japanese adults (aged 20 years and over) was 3.8% in males and 3.2% in females (National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2010), being quite low compared with other countries listed in the Global Database on Body Mass Index (WHO).

Revised system to evaluate measurement of blood chemistry data from the Japanese National Health and Nutrition Survey and Prefectural Health and Nutrition Surveys.

Background: We developed a monitoring system that uses total errors (TEs) to evaluate measurement of blood chemistry data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) and Prefectural Health and Nutrition Surveys (PHNS).

Methods: Blood chemistry data from the NHNS and PHNS were analyzed by SRL, Inc., a commercial laboratory in Tokyo, Japan.