Physical Engagement in Face-to-Face Interaction Is Associated with Depressive Symptoms of Interaction Partners in the Workplace.

Individuals develop interdependence through interactions. The process of physical coordination during face-to-face interactions facilitates relationship formation, emotional experiences, and emotional contagion. Workplaces inherently involve organic and continuous face-to-face interactions.

Chemotherapy-induced leukopenic septic shock treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report.

We present a case of chemotherapy-induced leukopenic septic shock treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Although the indication for VA-ECMO for septic shock in immunosuppressed states remains controversial, her relatively young age and a slightly increasing leukocyte count led to VA-ECMO induction and resulted in recovery.

Detection of intraductal carcinoma in prostate cancer patients with small tumor volume.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (intraductal carcinoma) and significant cancer (SC) in patients with small tumor volume (<0.5 cm ) in prostatectomy specimens.

Methods: Data from 639 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy between April 2006 and December 2017 at Chiba University Hospital and 2 affiliated institutions were retrospectively reviewed.

An Automated Algorithm for Determining Sleep Using Single-Channel Electroencephalography to Detect Delirium: A Prospective Observational Study in Intensive Care Units.

The relationship between polysomnography-based objective sleep and delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) is inconsistent across studies, suggesting limitations in manually determining the sleep stage of critically ill patients. We objectively measured 24-h sleep using a single-channel electroencephalogram (SleepScope [SS]) and an under-mattress sleep monitor (Nemuri SCAN [NSCAN]), both of which have independent algorithms that automatically determine sleep and wakefulness. Eighteen patients (median age, 68 years) admitted to the ICU after valvular surgery or coronary artery bypass grafting were included, and their sleep time was measured one day after extubation.

The Reduction in Medical Errors on Implementing an Intensive Care Information System in a Setting Where a Hospital Electronic Medical Record System is Already in Use: Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Although the various advantages of clinical information systems in intensive care units (ICUs), such as intensive care information systems (ICISs), have been reported, their role in preventing medical errors remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes in the incidence and type of errors in the ICU before and after ICIS implementation in a setting where a hospital electronic medical record system is already in use.

Methods: An ICIS was introduced to the general ICU of a university hospital.

Universal association between depressive symptoms and social-network structures in the workplace.

An unhealthy communication structure at a workplace can adversely affect the mental health of employees. However, little is known about the relationship between communication structures in the workplace and the mental health of employees. Here, we evaluated the face-to-face interaction network among employees (N = 449) in a variety of real-world working environments by using wearable devices and investigated the relationship between social network characteristics and depressive symptoms.

Validation of the patient State Index for monitoring sedation state in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: The Patient State Index (PSI) is a newly introduced electroencephalogram-based tool for objective and continuous monitoring of sedation levels of patients under general anesthesia. This study investigated the potential correlation between the PSI and the Richmond Agitation‒Sedation Scale (RASS) score in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and established the utility of the PSI in assessing sedation levels.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, PSI values were continuously monitored via SedLine® (Masimo, Irvine, CA, USA); the RASS score was recorded every 2 h for patients on mechanical ventilation.

In Vivo Pharmacodynamics of β-Lactams/Nacubactam against Carbapenem-Resistant and/or Carbapenemase-Producing and in Murine Pneumonia Model.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) have become global threats. CRE- and CPE- derived infections have been associated with high mortality due to limited treatment options. Nacubactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor and belongs to the new class of diazabicyclooctane.

Catheter-related thrombosis after cardiac surgery in patients with both central venous and pulmonary artery catheters inserted into the right internal jugular vein: a single-center, prospective, observational study.

Central venous catheters (CVCs) and pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) are widely used in intensive care and perioperative management. The detection and prevention of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) are important because CRT is a complication of catheter use and can cause pulmonary embolism and bloodstream infection. Currently, there is no evidence for CRT in patients using both CVC and PAC.

Estimating Group Stress Level by Measuring Body Motion.

Understanding employee stress has become a key issue for top management for corporate growth and risk reduction. So far, annual employee satisfaction surveys (ESs) have been conducted to assess the soundness of an organization. However, since it is difficult to collect questionnaires quantitatively and continuously, there is a need for a practical method that can be used to frequently measure group stress levels with a small burden on employees.

Pharmacodynamic evaluation of meropenem, cefepime, or aztreonam combined with a novel β-lactamase inhibitor, nacubactam, against carbapenem-resistant and/or carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli using a murine thigh-infection model.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are difficult to treat and are a serious public health threat. Nacubactam (NAC) is a novel non-β-lactam diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor with in vitro activity against some Enterobacterales expressing classes of β-lactamases.

Methods: The antimicrobial efficacy of meropenem (MEM), cefepime (FEP), and aztreonam (ATM), each in combination with NAC, were assessed in vitro and in vivo against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.

Prognostic Value of High-Sensitivity Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Who Received Docetaxel.

The Glasgow prognostic score, a marker of systemic inflammation, is associated with clinical outcomes in different cancers including prostate cancer. However, there is no evidence for the relationship between the high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score (Hs-mGPS) in prostate cancer and its prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of Hs-mGPS in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treated with docetaxel.

Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment Analyses To Support Dose Selection for ME1100, an Arbekacin Inhalation Solution.

ME1100 (arbekacin inhalation solution) is an inhaled aminoglycoside that is being developed to treat patients with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP and VABP, respectively). Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) target attainment analyses were undertaken to evaluate ME1100 regimens for the treatment of patients with HABP/VABP. The data used included a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) 4-compartment model with 1st-order elimination, nonclinical PK-PD targets from one-compartment and/or infection models, and surveillance data.

Higher serum testosterone levels predict poor prognosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel.

Background: The role of testosterone as a prognostic factor for castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with docetaxel in Japan was investigated.

Methods: A total of 164 patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who received docetaxel treatment at Chiba University Hospital and an affiliated hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Testosterone and other clinical factors at the start of docetaxel treatment were evaluated with respect to overall survival and progression-free survival.

Factorization of Jet Cross Sections in Heavy-Ion Collisions.

We propose a new phenomenological approach to establish QCD factorization of jet cross sections in the heavy-ion environment. Starting from a factorization formalism in proton-proton collisions, we introduce medium modified jet functions to capture the leading interaction of jets with the hot and dense QCD medium. A global analysis using a Monte Carlo sampling approach is performed in order to reliably determine the new jet functions from the nuclear modification factor of inclusive jets at the LHC.

Population Pharmacokinetic Analyses for Arbekacin after Administration of ME1100 Inhalation Solution.

ME1100, an inhalation solution of arbekacin, an aminoglycoside, is being developed for the treatment of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. The objective of these analyses was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model to describe the arbekacin concentration-time profile in plasma and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) following ME1100 administration. Data were obtained from a postmarketing study for an intravenous (i.

Current status and future perspective on preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis: Survey in Japan pharmaceutical manufacturers association (JPMA).

Preclinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis is an efficient tool for the translational research and proof of mechanism/concept in animals. The questionnaire survey on the practice of preclinical PK/PD analysis was conducted in the member companies of the Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (JPMA). According to the survey, 60% of companies conducted preclinical PK/PD analysis and its impact for drug development was different between each of the companies.

Transient systolic anterior motion with junctional rhythm after mitral valve repair in the intensive care unit.

Systolic anterior motion (SAM) after mitral valve repair (MVR) can adversely affect hemodynamics due to exacerbation of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and mitral regurgitation. Intraoperative transient SAM after MVR can usually be managed with hemodynamic maneuvers under continuous monitoring by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). However, during postoperative intensive care management, transient SAM is seldom diagnosed and the start of treatment may be delayed.

Perioperative posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient with no history of hypertension: a case report.

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is characterized by reversible neurological symptoms with leukoencephalopathy detectable by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Case Presentation: We here present a patient with no history of hypertension who, after being transferred back to the ward after undergoing total hysterectomy under general anesthesia, had several seizures and lost consciousness. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome was suspected on the basis of brain CT images and clinical findings.

Cold exposure and/or fasting modulate the relationship between sleep and body temperature rhythms in mice.

We assessed the relationship between core temperature (Tc) and sleep rhythms in mice, and examined the effects of ambient temperature and fasting. Tc, electroencephalograms (EEG), electromyograms (EMG), and spontaneous activity in male ICR mice (n=9) were measured by telemetry for 3 days under a 12:12h dark-light cycle. Mice were fed or fasted at an ambient temperature (Ta) of 27°C or 20°C for the final 30h of the experiment.

Population pharmacokinetics of cefditoren pivoxil in non-infected adults.

Population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted on cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI), a third generation oral antibiotic to evaluate the effect of covariates on pharmacokinetic parameters. Plasma concentrations of cefditoren (CDTR, total number of sampling points: 2864) obtained from healthy adult subjects, elderlies, and subjects with renal dysfunction (287 subjects) after CDTR-PI administration as well as demographic data of those subjects were used for analysis. We conducted the population pharmacokinetic analysis of CDTR-PI using a nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM) method.

Prediction of clinical bacteriological efficacy of oral antibiotics using a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics modeling.

The objective of this study was to predict the clinical bacteriological efficacy of antibiotics and to examine the pharmacodynamics (PD) characteristics of antibiotics against bacterial strains using a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) modeling developed on the basis of interaction between drug concentrations and antibacterial activities. Dynamic PD parameters (epsilon, gamma, EC50) and growth rate of organisms (lambda) were obtained from in vitro time-kill profile data of oral antibiotics, tebipenem pivoxil (TBPM-PI) and cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI) against Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae. PD characteristics of both drugs against S.

Population pharmacokinetic analysis of cefditoren pivoxil in pediatric patients with infection.

Population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted on cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI, Brand name: MEIACT, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.), a third generation oral antibiotic, using plasma concentrations of cefditoren (CDTR, total number of sampling points: 578) obtained from pediatric patients (153 subjects, dose: 5.

Clinical outcomes by relative docetaxel dose and dose intensity as chemotherapy for Japanese patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a retrospective multi-institutional collaborative study.

Background: The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate clinical outcomes by relative dose and dose intensity of docetaxel (DOC) as chemotherapy for Japanese patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Methods: A total of 145 CRPC patients who received more than 4 courses of DOC chemotherapy at 14 hospitals between 2005 and 2011 were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups--those receiving a higher or lower dose (mg/m(2)) or dose intensity (mg/m(2)/week).

Evaluating the need for and effect of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty on arteriovenous fistulas by using total recirculation rate per dialysis session ("clearance gap").

The functioning of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) used for vascular access during hemodialysis has been assessed mainly by dilution methods. Although these techniques indicate the immediate recirculation rate, the results obtained may not correlate with Kt/V. In contrast, the clearance gap (CL-Gap) method provides the total recirculation rate per dialysis session and correlates well with Kt/V.