Effect of Underwater Exercise on Salivary Metabolites of Older Persons With Disability.

Background/aim: Underwater exercise is aimed at preventing aging, maintaining, and improving motor function, and improving physical function. However, its rehabilitation effects have not been well evaluated. In order to gain insight into the molecular basis of its rehabilitation effects, possible changes in the salivary metabolites of four older persons with disability (mean age: 72.

Inhibition of Neurotoxicity/Anticancer Activity of Bortezomib by Caffeic Acid and Chlorogenic Acid.

Background/aim: Bortezomib, used for the treatment of multiple myeloma, has been reported to induce potent neurotoxicity. The present study investigated whether eight popular polyphenols inhibit bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity without affecting its anticancer activity.

Materials And Methods: Viable cell number was determined with the MTT method.

Augmentation of Neurotoxicity of Anticancer Drugs by X-Ray Irradiation.

Background: In order to investigate the combination effect of anticancer drugs and X-ray irradiation on neurotoxic side-effects (neurotoxicity), a method that provides homogeneously X-ray-irradiated cells was newly established.

Materials And Methods: PC12 cell suspension was irradiated by X-ray (0.5 Gy) in serum-supplemented medium, immediately inoculated into 96-microwell plates and incubated overnight.

Change in Anticancer Drug Sensitivity During Neuronal Differentiation of PC12 Cells.

Background/aim: Although there are many reports of anticancer drug-induced neurotoxicity, most previous data have been derived from neuronal cell models grown in a variety of culture conditions. This has prevented accurate assessment of the potency of their neurotoxicity and of changes in drug sensitivity of neuronal cells during differentiation. In this study, a simple neuronal differentiation induction system was established and the relative potency of neurotoxicity of eight anticancer drugs was compared during neuronal cell differentiation.

Partial Protection of Paclitaxel-induced Neurotoxicity by Antioxidants.

Background/aim: In order to search for substances that reduce the neurotoxicity of paclitaxel, the sensitivity of differentiated rat neuronal PC12 cells to paclitaxel was compared to that of malignant and non-malignant cells, and the extent to which four antioxidants can alleviate paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity was investigated.

Materials And Methods: Viability of cells was determined by the MTT method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated as the concentration that reduced cell viability by 50% (CC).

Protection of Differentiating Neuronal Cells from Amyloid β Peptide-induced Injury by Alkaline Extract of Leaves of Rehder.

Background/aim: We have previously reported the protection of doxorubicin-induced keratinocyte toxicity by alkaline extract of the leaves of Sasa senanensis Rehder (SE). In order to extend the generality of the cell protective effect of SE, we investigated whether it also protects rat PC12 and human SH-SY5Y neuron model cells from amyloid β-peptide (Aβ)-induced injury.

Materials And Methods: Viability of cells was determined by the MTT method.

Re-evaluation of Culture Condition of PC12 and SH-SY5Y Cells Based on Growth Rate and Amino Acid Consumption.

Background/aim: Most of the previous investigators have used various types of media for the culture of nerve cells. In order to optimize the culture conditions, we compared the growth rate and amino acid consumption by two popular neuron models, rat PC12 and human SH-SY5Y, grown in DMEM or DMEM: Ham's F-12 (1:1): non-essential amino acids, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (referred to DMEM and Mix, respectively).

Materials And Methods: Cell growth was monitored by the MTT method.

Rhinacanthin C Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption: Roles of TRAF6/TAK1/MAPKs/NF-κB/NFATc1 Signaling.

Rhinacanthin C is a naphthoquinone ester with anti-inflammatory activity, found in Rhinacanthus nasutus (L) Kurz (Acanthaceae). We found that rhinacanthin C inhibited osteoclast differentiation stimulated by the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in mouse bone marrow macrophage cultures, although the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory mechanisms of rhinacanthin C in osteoclastogenesis.