Exploring the Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment Blood-Based Biomarkers after Local Antibiotic Periodontal Treatment in Diabetic Patients: Secondary Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives:  This article investigates the changes in blood-based biomarkers associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk in type 2 diabetic patients following local antibiotic periodontal treatment.

Materials And Methods:  A secondary analysis of data from a 24-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 27 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Participants received periodontal treatment biweekly from baseline until the 6th week of the study.

In vivo cardiovascular profile of ryanodine receptor 2 inhibitor M201-A: Utility as an anti-atrial fibrillatory drug for patients suffering from heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) often coexist; however, clinically available anti-AF drugs can exacerbate symptoms of HFpEF. M201-A suppressed ryanodine receptor-mediated diastolic Ca leakage, possibly inhibiting common pathological processes toward AF and HFpEF. To bridge the basic information to clinical practice, we assessed its cardiohemodynamic, anti-AF and ventricular proarrhythmic profile using halothane-anesthetized dogs (n = 4).

Association between dry eye and periodontal disease in community-dwelling Japanese adults: data from the Uonoma cohort study.

Background: While research has explored the risk of periodontal disease in various eye conditions, the link between dry eye and periodontal disease remains underexplored, especially in Japanese adults. This study aims to investigate the association between dry eye and periodontal disease in community-dwelling Japanese adults.

Methods: This study is a subset of the Uonuma cohort study, which includes Japanese adults aged 40 years and older residing in the Uonuma area of Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

Associations between Plasma Antibody Levels against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Atrial Fibrillation among Community-Dwelling Older Individuals in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between plasma antibody levels against Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) and atrial fibrillation (AF) history in community-dwelling older individuals in Japan.

Materials And Methods: This study was a subset of the Uonuma cohort study, including 3091 participants aged 60-79 years. Data were collected, including AF history as a dependent variable, plasma immunoglobulin G antibody levels against PG as an independent variable, and previously reported AF risk factors and demographic information as covariates.

Characteristics of medication-induced xerostomia and effect of treatment.

Objective: Side-effects of medications cause xerostomia. There have been cases where a medication has been discontinued owing to its severe side-effects. Therefore, the xerostomia must be treated to ensure that the primary disease is managed effectively.

Clinical and Microbial Evaluation of Dental Caries Status and Associated Factors Among Primary Schoolchildren in Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries on primary teeth and to evaluate the cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva among Myanmar schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 264 schoolchildren from three primary schools in the urban area of Yangon city in 2019. Clinical oral examinations, caries risk tests, and questionnaire surveys were conducted.

Effects of Interval Walking Training on Oral Health Status in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Case-Control Study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of walking training "Interval Walking Training (IWT)" on oral health status. Participants were divided into two groups: an exercise intervention group and a non-intervention group (control). The intervention group consisted of 59 subjects (20 males, 39 females) aged 50 years or older who participated in the IWT program in Matsumoto from 2019 to April 2022.

Anti-caries and Anti-microbial Effects of School-based Fluoride Programs in Myanmar Schoolchildren.

Purpose: To investigate the anti-caries effects of the school-based fluoride varnish (FV) application at 3-month intervals and ?weekly fluoride mouthrins?ing? (FMR) ?on primary teeth and to evaluate the anti-microbial effects of FV or FMR on cariogenic bacteria among Myanmar children.

Materials And Methods: A 6-month interventional study was conducted on 234 schoolchildren who were divided into three groups: group A received FV application at 3-month intervals, group B received weekly FMR,? and group C received no fluoride application. A clinical oral examination and caries risk tests were performed at baseline and the 6-month follow-up.

Interaction between and impact of IL-6 genotype and alpha-tocopherol levels on periodontal condition in aging individuals.

Background And Objectives: Few studies have assessed the possible interaction between and impact of IL-6 variants and serum α-tocopherol levels on periodontal condition in older individuals. Here, we assessed the relationship between IL-6 variants and serum α-tocopherol levels on periodontal condition by considering effect modification.

Material And Methods: Among the study participants, 359 who were 71 years of age underwent a dental examination, biochemical analysis, and interview.

Radiological imaging features of the salivary glands in xerostomia induced by an immune checkpoint inhibitor.

The clinical features of xerostomia induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are similar to those of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), whereas the immunohistological and serological features are known to differ from those of SS. However, the radiologic imaging features of salivary glands are not yet well known. We report a case of a 56-year-old male patient diagnosed with ICI-induced xerostomia.

Interaction between beta-3 adrenergic receptor genotype and environmental factors on periodontal progression.

Objectives: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the relationship between beta-3 adrenergic receptor polymorphism and environmental factors such as smoking on periodontal disease by considering effect modification.

Materials And Methods: A total of 294 subjects who participated in all follow-up surveys over the 6-year study period were analysed. After dividing subjects into tertiles according to the number of years exposed to smoking, we conducted Poisson regression analysis to compare the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for periodontal disease events during the 6-year study period with beta-3 adrenergic receptor genotype (1: Arg allele carriers, 2: Arg allele non-carriers) for each tertile adjusted for other four variables.

Relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic kidney disease and periodontal disease in community-dwelling elderly.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontal disease.

Material And Methods: This study analysed 345 participants, who were all 79 years of age. Kidney function levels were determined based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; non-reduced function: ≥60 and reduced function: <60 ml min  1.

Factors associated with mucosal dryness in multiple regions and skin: A web-based study in women.

Aim: We hypothesized that feeling mucosal dryness in one body region and the skin may be associated with dryness in other regions and that there are common background factors for dryness. In an earlier web-based survey, we reported prevalence figures of dry eyes, nose, mouth, skin, and vagina. In the present study, additional analyses were made to investigate the factors associated with dryness in each region, and simultaneous dryness in multiple regions.

Serum antibody to Porphyromonas gingivalis in metabolic syndrome among an older Japanese population.

Background And Objective: Potentially significant associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontal disease have been reported in recent studies; however, there is a dearth of literature regarding the relationship of MetS with serum antibody levels to periodontal pathogens. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between MetS and serum antibody to the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in 216 Japanese individuals aged 79 years.

Protective effect of K201 on isoproterenol-induced and ischemic-reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias in the rat: comparison with diltiazem.

Aim: Ventricular arrhythmia (VA) is a risk for sudden death. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) degenerating to ventricular fibrillation occurs subsequent to the prolongation of the QT interval following administration of catecholamines under Ca(2+) loading. Fatal VA also occurs in ischemia and ischemic-reperfusion.

Association between glucan synthesis by streptococcus mutans and caries incidence in schoolchildren receiving a fluoride mouth rinse.

Purpose: To determine whether variation in glucan synthesis by Streptococcus mutans isolates is associated with caries development in children receiving a fluoride mouth rinse (FMR).

Materials And Methods: Of 122 children (aged 9 to 10 years), 64 had received FMR (FMR(+) group) and the remaining 58 children had not (FMR(-) group). The number of decayed and filled teeth (DFT) and increases in the number of DFT in 1 year (dDFT) were recorded.

K201 improves aspects of the contractile performance of human failing myocardium via reduction in Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

In heart failure, intracellular Ca2+ leak from cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2s) leads to a loss of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) potentially contributing to decreased function. Experimental data suggest that the 1,4-benzothiazepine K201 (JTV-519) may stabilise RyR2s and thereby reduce detrimental intracellular Ca2+ leak. Whether K201 exerts beneficial effects in human failing myocardium is unknown.

Early effect of lipid-lowering therapy with pitavastatin on regression of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Comparison with atorvastatin.

Background: Virtual histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) is used to diagnose coronary plaques and evaluate statin therapy. However, in most cases, quantitative changes in plaques have been evaluated in the chronic stage. We evaluated the quantitative and qualitative early effects of 2 statins on coronary lesions using VH-IVUS.

Pharmacological characteristics and clinical applications of K201.

K201 is a 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative that is a promising new drug with a strong cardioprotective effect. We initially discovered K201 as an effective suppressant of sudden cardiac cell death due to calcium overload. K201 is a non-specific blocker of sodium, potassium and calcium channels, and its cardioprotective effect is more marked than those of nicorandil, prazosine, propranolol, verapamil and diltiazem.