Interactive data exploration websites for large-scale electrophysiology.

Methodological advances in neuroscience have enabled the collection of massive datasets which demand innovative approaches for scientific communication. Existing platforms for data storage lack intuitive tools for data exploration, limiting our ability to interact effectively with these brain-wide datasets. We introduce two public websites: (Data and Atlas) developed for the International Brain Laboratory which provide access to millions of behavioral trials and hundreds of thousands of individual neurons.

Bypassing spike sorting: Density-based decoding using spike localization from dense multielectrode probes.

Neural decoding and its applications to brain computer interfaces (BCI) are essential for understanding the association between neural activity and behavior. A prerequisite for many decoding approaches is , the assignment of action potentials (spikes) to individual neurons. Current spike sorting algorithms, however, can be inaccurate and do not properly model uncertainty of spike assignments, therefore discarding information that could potentially improve decoding performance.

Persistence of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of haemodialysis patients with COVID-19.

Background: Haemodialysis patients are extremely vulnerable to COVID-19. Their immune response after infection is unclear. We have found high seroconversion rates in this population with 95% developing antibodies.

Determinants of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and uncontrolled variceal bleeding.

Background & Aims: Failure to control oesophago-gastric variceal bleeding (OGVB) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are both important prognostic factors in cirrhosis. The aims of this study were to determine whether ACLF and its severity define the risk of death in OGVB and whether insertion of rescue transjugular intrahepatic shunt (TIPS) improves survival in patients with failure to control OGVB and ACLF.

Methods: Data on 174 consecutive eligible patients, with failure to control OGVB between 2005 and 2015, were collected from a prospectively maintained intensive care unit registry.

The integration of visual and target signals in V4 and IT during visual object search.

Searching for a specific visual object requires our brain to compare the items in view with a remembered representation of the sought target to determine whether a target match is present. This comparison is thought to be implemented, in part, via the combination of top-down modulations reflecting target identity with feed-forward visual representations. However, it remains unclear whether top-down signals are integrated at a single locus within the ventral visual pathway (e.

Rethinking assumptions about how trial and nuisance variability impact neural task performance in a fast-processing regime.

Task performance is determined not only by the amount of task-relevant signal present in our brains but also by the presence of noise, which can arise from multiple sources. Internal noise, or "trial variability," manifests as trial-by-trial variations in neural responses under seemingly identical conditions. External factors can also translate into noise, particularly when a task requires extraction of a particular type of information from our environment amid changes in other task-irrelevant "nuisance" parameters.

Inferotemporal cortex multiplexes behaviorally-relevant target match signals and visual representations in a manner that minimizes their interference.

Finding a sought visual target object requires combining visual information about a scene with a remembered representation of the target to create a "target match" signal that indicates when a target is in view. Target match signals have been reported to exist within high-level visual brain areas including inferotemporal cortex (IT), where they are mixed with representations of image and object identity. However, these signals are not well understood, particularly in the context of the real-world challenge that the objects we search for typically appear at different positions, sizes, and within different background contexts.

Evaluation of motion and its effect on brain magnetic resonance image quality in children.

Background: Motion artifacts pose significant problems for the acquisition of MR images in pediatric populations.

Objective: To evaluate temporal motion metrics in MRI scanners and their effect on image quality in pediatric populations in neuroimaging studies.

Materials And Methods: We report results from a large pediatric brain imaging study that shows the effect of motion on MRI quality.

Watch this! Observed tool use affects perceived distance.

Recent research has shown that being able to interact with an object causes it to be perceived as being closer than objects that cannot be interacted with. In the present study, we examined whether that compression of perceived space would be experienced by people who simply observed such interactions by others with no intention of performing the action themselves. Participants judged the distance to targets after observing an actor reach to an otherwise unreachable target with a tool (Experiment 1) or illuminate a distant target with a laser pointer (Experiment 2).