Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Maintains Mitochondrial and Metabolic Quiescence in Naive CD4 T Cells.

Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is an inhibitory receptor expressed by CD4 T cells and tempers their homeostatic expansion. Because CD4 T cell proliferation is tightly coupled to bioenergetics, we investigate the role of LAG-3 in modulating naive CD4 T cell metabolism. LAG-3 deficiency enhances the metabolic profile of naive CD4 T cells by elevating levels of mitochondrial biogenesis.

Modifying Enzymes Are Elicited by ER Stress, Generating Epitopes That Are Selectively Recognized by CD4 T Cells in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.

In spite of tolerance mechanisms, some individuals develop T-cell-mediated autoimmunity. Posttranslational modifications that increase the affinity of epitope presentation and/or recognition represent one means through which self-tolerance mechanisms can be circumvented. We investigated T-cell recognition of peptides that correspond to modified β-cell antigens in subjects with type 1 diabetes.