Publications by authors named "Noah Cohen"

Aggregation or formation of high molecular weight species (HMWS) was observed with a pharmaceutical bispecific antibody (BsAb) during freeze-thaw and storage at -20 °C, but not at -80 °C. Several freezing stresses that may drive the protein aggregation were evaluated, including temperature, freeze concentration, ice formation, cooling rate, and cold denaturation. Experiments designed to identify the main aggregation mechanism and the drivers revealed that protein dimerization is the main mechanism and protein interaction with ice is the main driver of the protein aggregation.

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Objective: Evaluate the immunogenicity of a vaccine targeting the S protein (Ssee) of Streptococcus equi subsp equi and determine antibody activity against Ssee in horses with strangles.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective experiment using 20 university-owned Quarter Horses and a cross-sectional serosurvey of 78 privately owned horses with strangles. Horses were immunized IM with 0 (n = 4), 200 (n = 8), or 400 (n = 8) μg of recombinant Ssee at weeks 0, 4, and 12.

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Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide, especially in East Asia. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, which carries a poor prognosis. Patients with advanced gastric cancer typically receive systemic therapy and best supportive care.

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Peritoneal carcinomatosis carries a grim survival prognosis with complications ranging from the physical to the psychological. Cytoreductive surgery and infusion of heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy have evolved to become a commonly used treatment option in the multi-modal management of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Here, we examine the origins of surgery over a century ago as a potential cure for peritoneal carcinomatosis and how it has evolved with our knowledge of the disease to its present state.

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Rhodococcus equi causes pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals and immunocompromised people. Despite decades of research efforts, no vaccine is available against this common cause of disease and death in foals. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarise the current understanding of interactions between R.

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  • The PRECINCT study is a multicenter analysis of surgical documentation and disease incidence in patients with peritoneal tumors, focusing on the surgical peritoneal cancer index (sPCI) and its variations across centers.
  • Among 707 enrolled patients from September 2020 to December 2021, the study found that different morphological terminologies were used to describe peritoneal lesions, with the most common being "normal peritoneum," "tumor nodules," and "confluent disease."
  • The research revealed that the incidence of pathologically confirmed disease was higher in cases with more severe lesion scores and suggested that using frozen section analysis could be beneficial, indicating the need for larger studies correlating imaging and pathology.
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  • * Researchers used cryogenic electron microscopy to reveal the structure of an ANV-like particle, which is made up of 60 capsid proteins forming an icosahedral shape with crown-like spikes.
  • * The spike structure may help ANVs evade the immune system by concealing essential parts while showcasing diverse regions to confuse antibodies, offering insights into their immune interactions.
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  • High-resolution optical coherence tomography (HR-OCT) helps doctors see detailed pictures of eye surface problems, making it easier to diagnose and treat them.
  • It can show different types of issues like tumors and helps tell them apart, even when they look similar.
  • HR-OCT is important for doctors because it allows them to check how well treatments are working and keep an eye on any tumors that might grow back.
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  • Early evaluation of antibody off-target binding is crucial to reduce risks like quick clearance and toxicity, with the baculovirus particle (BVP) binding assay commonly used for this purpose.
  • This study introduces a new set of three deep learning models that utilize protein language models to predict outcomes in BVP assays and a complementary bovine serum albumin binding assay.
  • The models effectively predicted assay results for various antibody types, marking a significant advancement in computational methods for antibody development.
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Background: The prognostic impact of genetic mutations for patients who undergo cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) of colorectal origin (CRC) is not well defined.

Objective: We aimed to describe the genetic classifications in an unsupervised fashion, and the outcomes of this patient population.

Methods: A retrospective, bi-institutional study was performed on patients who underwent CRS-HIPEC with targeted mutation data with a median follow-up time of 61 months.

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Introduction: Microbiome research has grown exponentially but the ocular surface microbiome (OSM) remains an area in need of further study. This review aims to explore its complexity, disease-related microbial changes, and immune interactions, and highlights the potential for its manipulation as a therapeutic for ocular surface diseases.

Areas Covered: We introduce the OSM by location and describe what constitutes a normal OSM.

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: Maxillary hypoplasia and mandibular asymmetry may be corrected with orthognathic surgery after growth completion. For most stable results, some cases may require segmental Le Fort I osteotomies. Unfortunately, Invisalign's software (6.

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Background: While cholecystectomy is one of the most common operations performed in the United States, there is a continued debate regarding its prophylactic role in elective surgery. Particularly among patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who undergo cytoreduction surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC), further abdominal operations may pose increasing morbidity due to intraabdominal adhesions and potential recurrence. This bi-institutional retrospective study aims to assess postoperative morbidity associated with prophylactic cholecystectomy at the time of CRS-HIPEC.

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Antimicrobial residues excreted in the environment following antimicrobial treatment enhance resistant microbial communities in the environment and have long-term effects on the selection and maintenance of antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRGs). In this study, we focused on understanding the impact of antimicrobial use on antimicrobial residue pollution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment of horse-breeding farms. is an ideal microbe to study these associations because it lives naturally in the soil, exchanges AMRGs with other bacteria in the environment, and can cause disease in animals and humans.

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Objective: To determine the effects of transfusion of Rhodococcus equi hyperimmune plasma (REHIP) on serum concentrations of complement component 1q (C1q) and to examine the association of serum C1q and anti-rhodococcal antibodies of newborn foals with subsequent development of rhodococcal pneumonia.

Animals/samples: Foals (n = 205) from 2 Thoroughbred breeding farms in New York transfused with REHIP between January 1, 2022, and December 1, 2022.

Procedures: Blood was collected immediately before transfusion with REHIP and again from the contralateral vein immediately after transfusion.

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Background: Frailty, a multidimensional state leading to reduced physiologic reserve, is associated with worse postoperative outcomes. Despite the availability of various frailty tools, surgeons often make subjective assessments of patients' ability to tolerate surgery. The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) is a validated preoperative frailty assessment tool that has not been studied in cancer patients with plans for curative-intent surgery.

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Objective: Design and evaluate immune responses of neonatal foals to a mRNA vaccine expressing the virulence-associated protein A (VapA) of Rhodococcus equi.

Animals: Cultured primary equine respiratory tract cells; Serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 healthy Quarter Horse foals.

Methods: VapA expression was evaluated by western immunoblot in cultured equine bronchial cells transfected with 4 mRNA constructs encoding VapA.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to identify protective VP8 epitopes of equine rotavirus and test whether immunizing hens with synthetic peptides could produce effective neutralizing antibodies for foals.
  • Researchers used white leghorn hens to generate high-titer anti-VP8 antibodies, which were then evaluated for their ability to neutralize the virus.
  • The findings showed that administering hyperimmune egg yolk antibodies to foals with rotaviral diarrhea was safe and suggests potential for further study on their therapeutic benefits.
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Background And Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and is projected to become the second-leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Despite advances in systemic and radiation therapy, for patients with surgically resectable PDAC, complete surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment option. The conduct of a safe, technically excellent pancreatectomy is essential to achieve optimal perioperative outcomes and long-term survival.

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  • The virulence-associated protein A (VapA) enables virulent strains of bacteria to replicate within macrophages and cause pneumonia in foals.
  • Researchers aimed to understand the role of specific receptors (TLR2, CR3, FcγRIII) on macrophages in the process of phagocytosis and bacterial replication.
  • The study found that while TLR2 and CR3 influence avirulent strains, the presence of these receptors does not affect virulent strains or the functioning of VapA, highlighting a unique mechanism of virulence.
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