Aggregation or formation of high molecular weight species (HMWS) was observed with a pharmaceutical bispecific antibody (BsAb) during freeze-thaw and storage at -20 °C, but not at -80 °C. Several freezing stresses that may drive the protein aggregation were evaluated, including temperature, freeze concentration, ice formation, cooling rate, and cold denaturation. Experiments designed to identify the main aggregation mechanism and the drivers revealed that protein dimerization is the main mechanism and protein interaction with ice is the main driver of the protein aggregation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Evaluate the immunogenicity of a vaccine targeting the S protein (Ssee) of Streptococcus equi subsp equi and determine antibody activity against Ssee in horses with strangles.
Methods: The study was designed as a prospective experiment using 20 university-owned Quarter Horses and a cross-sectional serosurvey of 78 privately owned horses with strangles. Horses were immunized IM with 0 (n = 4), 200 (n = 8), or 400 (n = 8) μg of recombinant Ssee at weeks 0, 4, and 12.
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide, especially in East Asia. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, which carries a poor prognosis. Patients with advanced gastric cancer typically receive systemic therapy and best supportive care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeritoneal carcinomatosis carries a grim survival prognosis with complications ranging from the physical to the psychological. Cytoreductive surgery and infusion of heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy have evolved to become a commonly used treatment option in the multi-modal management of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Here, we examine the origins of surgery over a century ago as a potential cure for peritoneal carcinomatosis and how it has evolved with our knowledge of the disease to its present state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhodococcus equi causes pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals and immunocompromised people. Despite decades of research efforts, no vaccine is available against this common cause of disease and death in foals. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarise the current understanding of interactions between R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The prognostic impact of genetic mutations for patients who undergo cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) of colorectal origin (CRC) is not well defined.
Objective: We aimed to describe the genetic classifications in an unsupervised fashion, and the outcomes of this patient population.
Methods: A retrospective, bi-institutional study was performed on patients who underwent CRS-HIPEC with targeted mutation data with a median follow-up time of 61 months.
Expert Rev Ophthalmol
February 2024
Introduction: Microbiome research has grown exponentially but the ocular surface microbiome (OSM) remains an area in need of further study. This review aims to explore its complexity, disease-related microbial changes, and immune interactions, and highlights the potential for its manipulation as a therapeutic for ocular surface diseases.
Areas Covered: We introduce the OSM by location and describe what constitutes a normal OSM.
: Maxillary hypoplasia and mandibular asymmetry may be corrected with orthognathic surgery after growth completion. For most stable results, some cases may require segmental Le Fort I osteotomies. Unfortunately, Invisalign's software (6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: While cholecystectomy is one of the most common operations performed in the United States, there is a continued debate regarding its prophylactic role in elective surgery. Particularly among patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who undergo cytoreduction surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC), further abdominal operations may pose increasing morbidity due to intraabdominal adhesions and potential recurrence. This bi-institutional retrospective study aims to assess postoperative morbidity associated with prophylactic cholecystectomy at the time of CRS-HIPEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrobial residues excreted in the environment following antimicrobial treatment enhance resistant microbial communities in the environment and have long-term effects on the selection and maintenance of antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRGs). In this study, we focused on understanding the impact of antimicrobial use on antimicrobial residue pollution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment of horse-breeding farms. is an ideal microbe to study these associations because it lives naturally in the soil, exchanges AMRGs with other bacteria in the environment, and can cause disease in animals and humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine the effects of transfusion of Rhodococcus equi hyperimmune plasma (REHIP) on serum concentrations of complement component 1q (C1q) and to examine the association of serum C1q and anti-rhodococcal antibodies of newborn foals with subsequent development of rhodococcal pneumonia.
Animals/samples: Foals (n = 205) from 2 Thoroughbred breeding farms in New York transfused with REHIP between January 1, 2022, and December 1, 2022.
Procedures: Blood was collected immediately before transfusion with REHIP and again from the contralateral vein immediately after transfusion.
Background: Frailty, a multidimensional state leading to reduced physiologic reserve, is associated with worse postoperative outcomes. Despite the availability of various frailty tools, surgeons often make subjective assessments of patients' ability to tolerate surgery. The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) is a validated preoperative frailty assessment tool that has not been studied in cancer patients with plans for curative-intent surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Design and evaluate immune responses of neonatal foals to a mRNA vaccine expressing the virulence-associated protein A (VapA) of Rhodococcus equi.
Animals: Cultured primary equine respiratory tract cells; Serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 healthy Quarter Horse foals.
Methods: VapA expression was evaluated by western immunoblot in cultured equine bronchial cells transfected with 4 mRNA constructs encoding VapA.
Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol
September 2023
Background And Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and is projected to become the second-leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Despite advances in systemic and radiation therapy, for patients with surgically resectable PDAC, complete surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment option. The conduct of a safe, technically excellent pancreatectomy is essential to achieve optimal perioperative outcomes and long-term survival.
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