Profiling the antidiabetic potential of GC-MS compounds identified from the methanolic extract of : experimental and computational insight.

This study examines the nutritional composition, phytochemical profiling, and antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory potential of a methanolic extract of leaves (MESFL) , , and studies. antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities were examined. In the study, liver tissues were subjected to FeSO-induced oxidative damage and treated with varying concentrations of MESFL.

Antidiabetic drug sitagliptin blocks cyclophosphamide cerebral neurotoxicity by activating Nrf2 and suppressing redox cycle imbalance, inflammatory iNOS/NO/NF-κB response and caspase-3/Bax activation in rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a classic DNA-interacting anticancer agent with broad application in chemotherapy. However, CYP cerebral neurotoxicity is a worrisome side effect for clinicians and patients. Strategies to mitigate the underlying oxidative inflammatory cascades and neuroapoptosis induced by CYP are urgently needed.

Experimental validation and molecular docking to explore the active components of cannabis in testicular function and sperm quality modulations in rats.

Background: Data available support that ninety percent of male infertility cases are due to low sperm counts. There is a scarcity of data on the medicinal effects of cannabis on fertility. This study evaluated testicular function and sperm quality modulation with cannabis in rats.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Exhibits Antioxidant Mechanism for Abrogation of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiac Damage and Oxidative Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a potent DNA-interactive anticancer drug; however, its clinical drawbacks are chiefly associated with induction of oxidative multi-organ toxicity. Sitagliptin (STG) is an antidiabetic dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor drug with antioxidant efficacy. Herein, we have explored whether STG could abrogate the CYP-induced oxidative stress-mediated cardiac and hepatorenal toxicities in male rats.

Antidiabetic Activity of Elephant Grass (Cenchrus Purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone) Activation of PI3K/AkT Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress Inhibition, and Apoptosis in Wistar Rats.

The management of diabetes over the years has involved the use of herbal plants, which are now attracting interest. We assessed the antidiabetic properties of aqueous extract of shoots (AECPS) and the mechanism of action on pancreatic -cell dysfunction. This study was conducted using Thirty-six 36) male Wistar rats.

Antidiabetic activity of avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) in diabetic rats via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

The treatment of diabetes involves the use of herbal plants, attracting interest in their cost-effectiveness and efficacy. An aqueous extract of Persea americana seeds (AEPAS) was explored in this study as a possible therapeutic agent in rats with diabetes mellitus. The induction of diabetes in the rats was achieved by injecting 65 mg/kg body weight (BWt) of alloxan along with 5% glucose.

Phylogenic analysis of coronavirus genome and molecular studies on potential anti-COVID-19 agents from selected FDA-approved drugs.

The emergence of 2019 novel Coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV) has caused significant global morbidity and mortality with no consensus specific treatment. We tested the hypothesis that FDA-approved antiretrovirals, antibiotics, and antimalarials will effectively inhibit COVID-19 two major drug targets, coronavirus nucleocapsid protein (NP) and hemagglutinin-esterase (HE). To test this hypothesis, we carried out a phylogenic analysis of coronavirus genome to understand the origins of NP and HE, and also modeled the proteins before molecular docking, druglikeness, toxicity assessment, molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) and ligand-based pharmacophore modeling of the selected FDA-approved drugs.

Modulatory effect of cashew (Anacardiumoccidentale L.) nut supplemented diet on fertility activity of clomiphene citrate in male rats.

Background: Increasing concern has been expressed about the declining sperm count of humans and the potential fertility effects of clomiphene citrate, a synthetic oestrogen-antagonist on human reproductive health in the last few decades. This study aims to investigate the influence of cashew nut supplemented diet on fertility activity of clomiphene citrate in male rats.

Methods: The rats were divided into six groups n = 6: rats fed basal diet; rats fed basal diet and then given clomiphene citrate (cc) orally; rats fed diet supplemented with 10% processed cashew nut and given cc orally; and rat fed diet supplemented with 20% processed cashew nut and given cc orally; rats fed diet supplemented with 10% processed cashew nut and rat fed diet supplemented with 20% processed cashew nut for fourteen days.

Hippocampal Degeneration and Behavioral Impairment During Alzheimer-Like Pathogenesis Involves Glutamate Excitotoxicity.

The hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology include senile plaques accumulation and neurofibrillary tangles, which is thought to underlie synaptic failure. Recent evidence however supports that synaptic failure in AD may instead be instigated by enhanced N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) activity, via a reciprocal relationship between soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and increased glutamate agonist. While previous studies have shown Aβ-mediated alterations to the glutamatergic system during AD, the underlying etiology of excitotoxic glutamate-induced changes has not been explored.

Thirty days oral Aframomum melegueta extract elicited analgesic effect but influenced cytochrome p4501BI, cardiac troponin T, testicular alfa-fetoprotein and other biomarkers in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pain is the commonest symptom of a disease and the percentage of persons manifesting one form of pain is growing globally. Aframomum melegueta (AM) is commonly used by traditional doctors as medication for many ailments such as body pains and rheumatism because it possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic, antiviral, anti-ageing and anti-tumour phytochemical agents.

Aim Of The Study: Traditionally a botanical remedy in the management of pain was assessed.

Clinical Probe of Cyp2C8*2 Mutants in a Malaria Hyperendemic Zone: Evidence from North-Central, Nigeria.

Background: A tremendous level of success has been achieved since the introduction of chloroquine and the combination of amodiaquine and artemisinin for the treatment of both complicated and uncomplicated malaria infections in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the recent discovery of drug resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum (P.f.

Ginger juice prevents cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, endocrine imbalance and NO/iNOS/NF-κB signalling via modulating testicular redox-inflammatory mechanism in rats.

The off-target testicular toxicity of the anticancer drug, cisplatin, is a current clinical concern and worrisome to male cancer patients. Growing evidence has implicated oxidative stress and inflammation in cisplatin toxicity. We have explored whether fresh ginger juice could mitigate testicular toxicity induced by anticancer drug cisplatin in rats.

Alterations in histological, biochemical and hematological parameters in NK-65 infected balb/c mice treated with stem bark extract.

Background: Recent ethnomedicinal studies on Benth (family Phyllanthaceae) as an antiplasmodial remedy have established its potency as a strong prophylactic and chemosuppressive agent. Human consumption of medicinal herbs without adequate evaluation of its efficacy and safety can result in grave physiological and pathological consequences. Therefore, this study assessed the antiplasmodial bioactivity, biochemical, hematological, histopathological and toxicity profile of the ethanolic stem bark extract of in mice.

Subchronic exposure to ; its neurotoxic potentials in young adult female Wistar rats.

Background: (camphor) {CHO} is a chemical substance used mostly amongst the Yoruba ethnic group in Western Nigeria to treat infantile colic during early childhood. This study assess the neurotoxic potentials of following sub-chronic exposure in female albino Wistar rats.

Methods: Twenty-eight female rats (mean weight of 130 g) were randomly selected and assigned into four (4) groups.

Nephroprotective Effect of Seed Oil on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Biochemical Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Pathways.

Gentamicin is an efficacious aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used to treat life-threatening Gram-negative bacteria infections. However, its specific non-targeted induction of nephrotoxicity is a worrying clinical challenge. The study explored the nephroprotective effect of seed oil (MOO) against gentamicin-induced oxidative nephrotoxicity, pro-inflammation, and apoptosis in male Wistar rats.

Reversal of behavioral decline and neuropathology by a complex vitamin supplement involves modulation of key neurochemical stressors.

Metal ions are crucial for normal neurochemical signaling and perturbations in their homeostasis have been associated with neurodegenerative processes. Hypothesizing that in vivo modulation of key neurochemical processes including metal ion regulation (by transferrin receptor-1: TfR-1) in cells can improve disease outcome, we investigated the efficacy of a complex vitamin supplement (CVS) containing B-vitamins and ascorbic acid in preventing/reversing behavioral decline and neuropathology in rats. Wistar rats (eight weeks-old) were assigned into five groups (n = 8), including controls and those administered CVS (400 mg/kg/day) for two weeks before or after AlCl (100 mg/kg)-induced neurotoxicity.

Effects of manufactured nano-copper on copper uptake, bioaccumulation and enzyme activities in cowpea grown on soil substrate.

Increased use of nanoparticles-based products in agriculture portends important implications for agriculture. Therefore, the impact of nano-copper particles (<25 nm and 60-80 nm) on Cu uptake, bioaccumulation (roots, leaves and seeds), activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) was studied. Plants were exposed to four levels (0, 125, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) of 25 nm or 60-80 nm nano-Cu for 65 days.

Cerebellar Molecular and Cellular Characterization in Rat Models of Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Biflavonoid Complex.

Background: Recent evidences suggest that cerebellar degeneration may be associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, previous reports were mainly observational, lacking substantial characterization of cellular and molecular cerebellar features during AD progression.

Purpose: This study is aimed at characterizing the cerebellum in rat models of AD and assessing the corresponding neuroprotective mechanisms of biflavonoid complex (GBc).

Multidirectional inhibition of cortico-hippocampal neurodegeneration by kolaviron treatment in rats.

Earliest signs of neurodegenerative cascades in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are seen within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, with pathological evidences in both cortical structures correlating with manifestation of behavioural and cognitive deficits. Despite the enormous problems associated with AD's clinical manifestations in sufferers, therapeutic advances for the disorder are still very limited. Therefore, this study examined cortico-hippocampal microstructures in models of AD, and evaluated the possible beneficial roles of kolaviron (Kv)-a biflavonoid complex in rats.