Growth response of O1 and non O1/non O139 strains to algae extracts from stream water in far north Cameroon.

Background And Objectives: O1 or non O1/non O139 is found in water ecosystems where it colonizes phytoplankton and has different lifestyle. This study aimed to investigate the impact of some algae extracts on the survival/growth of both strains.

Materials And Methods: Algae extracts consisting of three fractions, F1 containing chlorophyll-a, F2 containing chlorophyll-b, and F3 containing carotenoids, and raw extract (RAE) were obtained from the algal bloom collected in the Kaliao stream (Maroua, Cameroon).

Low prevalence of HIV in the northern Cameroon: contribution of some AIDS restriction genes and potential implications for gene therapy.

Background: HIV infection and its progression to AIDS depend on several factors including host genetic factors. The immunological mechanisms of host resistance to HIV infection greatly influence the prevalence of HIV in a given region. Worldwide, Cameroon not exempted, the frequency of AIDS-associated genes varies and may influence this prevalence.

Strategic HIV Case Findings among Infants at Different Entry Points of Health Facilities in Cameroon: Optimizing the Elimination of Mother-To-Child Transmission in Low- and- Middle-Income Countries.

Background: HIV case finding is an essential component for ending AIDS, but there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of such a strategy in the pediatric population. We sought to determine HIV positivity rates among children according to entry points in Cameroon.

Methods: A facility-based survey was conducted from January 2015 to December 2019 among mother-child couples at various entry points of health facilities in six regions of Cameroon.

The shifts in intergenerational relations in Cameroon and their potential impact on the health of older adults.

Introduction: Africa is experiencing a gradual demographic shift due to rising life expectancy and increasing urbanisation. In sub-Saharan Africa, elderly individuals typically reside with their children. The rise in life expectancy by almost a decade and the prevalence of precarious living conditions raise concerns about the sustainability of the healthcare system, which has traditionally relied on intergenerational solidarity.

Protection level of anti-hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin in a pediatric Cameroonian population.

Despite the availability for nearly twenty years of an effective vaccine, hepatitis B remains one of the most frequent viral diseases throughout the world. Mother-to-child transmission is one of the primary routes of transmission in children. To assess the vaccine response in children born to HBV infected mothers.

Inflammatory profile of vertically HIV-1 infected adolescents receiving ART in Cameroon: a contribution toward optimal pediatric HIV control strategies.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the lifespan of people living with HIV. However, their immune system remains in a state of sustained activation/inflammation, which favors viral replication and depletion of helper T-cells with varying profiles according to ART-response. We herein sought to ascertain the inflammatory profile of adolescents living with perinatal HIV-1 infection (ALPHI) receiving ART in an African context.

Polyoxygenated Stigmastane-Type Steroids from Sch. Bip. ex Walp. and Their Chemophenetic Significance.

Four polyoxygenated stigmastanes (-) alongside known analogues (-) and flavonoids (-) were isolated from a dichloromethane/methanol (1:1, /) extract of the whole plant of Sch. Bip. ex Walp.

Constituents of the Stem Bark of Linn. f. with Antileishmanial and Antibacterial Activities.

The chemical investigation of the -hexane fraction from the methanol extract of the stem bark of Linn f., which displayed good in vitro activity against NR-48822 promastigotes (IC 43.11 µg/mL), led to the isolation of three previously unreported polyprenylated benzophenones, guttiferone U (), V ()/W (), and a new tocotrienol derivative named globuliferanol (), along with 11 known compounds (-).

Constituents of the Stem Bark of (Thonn.) J. J. De Wilde (Meliaceae) and Their Antibacterial and Antiplasmodial Activities.

The chemical investigation of the EtOH extract from the stem bark of (Thonn.) J. J.

Maternal Socio-Demographic Factors and Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in the North Region of Cameroon.

Background And Objective: Socio-demographic factors are important risk factors for HIV infection. Maternal socio-demographic factors associated with HIV transmission from mother to child are not well elucidated to our knowledge. This study aimed to assess the maternal socio-demographic factors associated with HIV vertical transmission.

The mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and profile of viral reservoirs in pediatric population: A systematic review with meta-analysis of the Cameroonian studies.

Background: The mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (MTCT) remains on the major route of HIV-transmission among pediatric populations in Africa. Though a prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) high-priority country, data on the MTCT burdens in Cameroon remains fragmented.

Objective: We sought to assess the pooled MTCT rate, its risk-factors, and to characterize viral reservoirs of infected-children in Cameroon.

Antibacterial constituents of spreng and its emodin derivatives.

The CHCl-MeOH (1:1) extract of roots of (Polygonaceae) displayed significant antibacterial activity against five bacterial strains with MICs (62.5-31.2 μg.

Bioactive Arylnaphthalide Lignans from .

Eleven previously undescribed arylnaphthalide lignans (-) together with seven known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of . The structures of - were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry. Compounds (IC = 4.

Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors among HIV-infected patients aged 50 years and older in Cameroon.

Background: Increasing the longevity of people living with HIV (PLHIV) around the world has been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and morbidity. The impact of these trends on the epidemiology of CVD among PLHIV is less clear. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors for CVD, and to estimate these risks at 10 years in PLHIV aged 50 and above.

Expression profiles of miR3181 and miR199a in plasma and placenta of virally suppressed HIV-1 infected Cameroonian pregnant women at delivery.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection during pregnancy reduces the transplacental transfer of protective maternal antibodies needed to confer immunity during early postnatal life. However, the mediation of MicroRNA in this dysregulation is not well understood MicroRNAs 3181 and 199a have been shown to mediate neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-like transmembrane antibody transfer and endocytosis respectively but their expression levels in the placenta and plasma in women living with HIV have not been extensively investigated. The objective of this study was to determine how the expression levels of miR-3181 and miR-199a in the placenta and plasma are affected in women chronically infected with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are virally suppressed at delivery.

Diagnostic performance of a colorimetric RT -LAMP for the identification of SARS-CoV-2: A multicenter prospective clinical evaluation in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Management and control of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is critically dependent on quick and reliable identification of the virus in clinical specimens. Detection of viral RNA by a colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a simple, reliable and cost-effective assay, deployable in resource-limited settings (RLS). Our objective was to evaluate the intrinsic and extrinsic performances of RT-LAMP in RLS.

Enhanced passive surveillance dengue infection among febrile children: Prevalence, co-infections and associated factors in Cameroon.

Dengue virus (DENV) causes a spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic, mild febrile to a life-threatening illness: dengue hemorrhagic fever. The main clinical symptom of dengue is fever, similar to that of malaria. The prevalence of dengue virus infection, alone or in association with other endemic infectious diseases in children in Cameroon is unknown.

Protective Effect of the Combination of Wild-Type Genotypes (G/G and G/G) of CCR2-64V and SDF1-3A' Genes in Serodiscordant Couples in Yaounde-Cameroon.

Background: There is growing evidence that polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression. However, not much is documented about the influence of these polymorphisms in HIV serodiscordant couples in Cameroon.

Objective: The objective of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and the effect of the polymorphisms of CCR5-Δ32, CCR5 promoter 59029 A/G, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A gene in HIV serodiscordant couples in comparison to HIV negative seroconcordant and HIV positive seroconcordant couples in Yaoundé-Cameroon.

Alteration of the gut fecal microbiome in children living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Yaounde, Cameroon.

Multiple factors, such as immune disruption, prophylactic co-trimoxazole, and antiretroviral therapy, may influence the structure and function of the gut microbiome of children infected with HIV from birth. In order to understand whether HIV infection altered gut microbiome and to relate changes in microbiome structure and function to immune status, virological response and pediatric ART regimens, we characterized the gut microbiome of 87 HIV-infected and 82 non-exposed HIV-negative children from Yaounde, a cosmopolitan city in Cameroon. We found that children living with HIV had significantly lower alpha diversity in their gut microbiome and altered beta diversity that may not be related to CD4+ T cell count or viral load.

Cytokine profile in the sputum of subjects with post-tuberculosis airflow obstruction and in those with tobacco related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Previous studies have shown that tuberculosis (TB) is a risk factor for chronic airflow limitation. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recognized as the result of chronic inflammation, usually related to noxious particles. Post-TB airflow obstruction and tobacco-related COPD have the same functional pathway characterized by persistent airflow limitation.

HIV Serodiscordance among Couples in Cameroon: Effects on Sexual and Reproductive Health.

Background And Objectives: One of the main reasons for risky sexual behavior observed in HIV serodiscordant couples despite the knowledge of the partner's status and counselling is childbearing. In Cameroon, there are few reports on HIV serodiscordant couples. This paper describes the influence of HIV on sexual relationships and decision to procreate.

Genetic Polymorphism And Its Potential Effect On HIV Acquisition In A Population Of Children Living In The Northern Region Of Cameroon.

Background And Objectives: The association of chemokine receptor-2 polymorphism with HIV transmission or disease progression remains highly controversial. The role of allele in HIV infection may differ from one population to another because of their genetic background. The objectives of this study were to characterize the CCR2 genetic polymorphism and to determine its potential effect in HIV acquisition in children living in the Northern Region of Cameroon.

TRIM5α 136Q, CCR5 Promoter 59029G And CCR264I Alleles Impact The Progression Of HIV In Children And Adolescents.

Background: Children show various degrees of vulnerability regarding HIV infection and disease progression. This disparity presents challenges for the follow-up of infected children. Here we investigated reasons behind this variability focusing on some host-related HIV genes.

CCR2 polymorphism and HIV: mutation in both mother and child is associated with higher transmission.

C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is one of the co-receptors of HIV found on the surface of the target cell and studied as genetic factors known to be associated with HIV infection. This study investigates the influence of mothers' and children's CCR2 polymorphism on HIV acquisition in children. A cross-sectional study was performed in five hospitals in the Northern Region of Cameroon.