Examining Women's HIV Protective Behaviors in Nepal.

Women's autonomy in decision making has important sexual and reproductive health implications. This study uses a nationwide analysis in Nepal to examine women's autonomy, attitude toward intimate partner violence (IPV) behaviors, and HIV-related knowledge in the execution of HIV protective behaviors such as having one sexual partner or getting an HIV test to prevent HIV transmission. Secondary data analysis was conducted using the nationally represented Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (2016-2021) dataset.

Sarah Waller's Help-Seeking Model: Understanding African American Women Intimate Partner Violence Survivors' Help-seeking Process.

African American women overwhelmingly experience the poorest outcomes resulting from intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. Despite theoretical advancements, there remain a paucity of theories that explicate this marginalized population's comprehensive help-seeking process that includes the domestic violence service provision system and the Black church. We conducted 30 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with women who self-identified as African American.

A Review of Prevalence Estimation Methods for Human Trafficking Populations.

Human trafficking has long-lasting implications for the well-being of trafficked people, families, and affected communities. Prevention and intervention efforts, however, have been stymied by a lack of information on the scale and scope of the problem. Because trafficked people are mostly hidden from view, traditional methods of establishing prevalence can be prohibitively expensive in the recruitment, participation, and retention of survey participants.

Social Work Care in Traumatic Brain Injury and Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Capacity-Building Model.

Co-occurring traumatic brain injury (TBI) and substance use disorders (SUD) are a major public health concern, yet TBI is often underrecognized within SUD treatment organizations. Social workers in these organizations are well positioned to deliver tailored treatment, but little is known about what social workers are doing to address the needs of these clients. The purpose of this study was to examine current social work practices in providing care to clients with co-occurring TBI and SUD.

Mental Health Service Utilization among Adults with Head Injury with Loss of Consciousness: Implications for Social Work.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with mental health service utilization among adults with head injury with loss of consciousness (LOC) using Andersen's model of health. This secondary data analysis used the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with data collected from 7,399 adults. Binary logistic regression was conducted to determine odds associated with predisposing, enabling, and needs factors on head injury with LOC and mental health service utilization.

Substance Use, Service Provision, Access & Utilization among Foreign-Born Communities in the United States: A Mixed Methods Study.

The prevalence of substance use among the foreign-born has gained increasing attention. Cumulative migration stressors - including historical trauma, violence, family separation, and poverty - present challenges to human service systems wherein services may not adequately meet the needs of these groups. : This study explores the challenges and realities of substance use, substance use service provision, and delivery of services among the increasingly diverse immigrant population using multiple perspectives.

The Flint women's study: community perspectives on contraception and family planning, sexuality education and barriers to reproductive health.

Teenage pregnancy can have adverse social and health outcomes, and rates are high in Flint, Michigan as compared to the rest of the state and the USA. It is important to understand contributing factors to adolescent pregnancy to be able to better address this issue. This study examined qualitative data from interviews with 100 community members who participated in the Flint Women's Study, a study designed to better understand the hopes, dreams and needs of women in Flint, and their suggestions for how to address identified needs.

Assessing the Association Between Depression and Savings for Kenyan Youth Using a Validated Child Depression Inventory Measure.

Purpose: The Child Depression Inventory (CDI) is a commonly used measure of depression among youth and has been used in studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa demonstrating positive effects of financial asset-building interventions on physical and mental health outcomes. However, before we can be certain that asset building does indeed improve mental health functioning, we must first be sure that the instruments used to measure mental health in this population are valid and culturally appropriate.

Methods: This two-part study used baseline data from a sample of youth (N = 1,348, 13-18 years) participating in the YouthSave-Impact Study Kenya to clarify the psychometric properties of the 10-item CDI (study A), and then used the 10-item CDI to assess the relationship between financial assets and mental health functioning among this sample of adolescents (study B).

Testing the Financial Capability Framework: Findings from YouthSave-Impact Study Kenya.

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), youths (23 years or younger)-who account for almost half the population-are particularly vulnerable to poverty and exclusion from financial markets and intermediaries. In addition, a significant factor in the financial instability of the region appears to be the economic functioning of its youths. In recent years, social work interventions throughout the region have focused on investing in the economic functioning of youths.

"They make money off of us": a phenomenological analysis of consumer perceptions of corruption in Kenya's HIV response system.

Background: Problems with misallocation and redirection of critical resources and benefits intended for PLHIV are not uncommon in Kenya. This study explores corruption in Kenya's HIV response system and the implications for health outcomes from the perspective of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Although they might not be directly responsible for health care fund management, PLHIV and their advocacy efforts have been central to the development of HIV system response and they have a vested interest in ensuring proper governance.

Mood, anxiety, and personality disorders among first and second-generation immigrants to the United States.

A careful examination of the multigenerational relationship between immigrant status and mental disorders can provide important information about the robustness and nature of the immigrant-mental health link. We examine immigrant status as a protective factor against mental illness, assess intergenerational effects, examine differences across race/ethnicity, and report the prevalence of mood, anxiety, and personality disorders of immigrants across major world regions. We employ data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) and compare first (n=5363) and second-generation (n=4826) immigrants from Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America to native-born Americans (n=24,461) with respect to mental disorders.

Correlates of depression among caregivers of children affected by HIV/AIDS in Uganda: findings from the Suubi-Maka family study.

This study uses the baseline (wave 1) data from a four-year (2008-2012) longitudinal study called the Suubi-Maka family economic empowerment intervention for AIDS-orphaned children in Uganda funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant # RMH081763A). Specifically, using baseline data from the Suubi-Maka study, this article provides a contextualized understanding of depression levels among caregivers for AIDS-orphaned children in two rural communities heavily affected by AIDS in Uganda: Rakai and Masaka districts. Using baseline data collected from caregivers of children orphaned by AIDS (N=297) the study examines the factors that influence reported depression levels of caregivers of AIDS-orphaned children in rural communities of Uganda.

Health insurance disparities among immigrants: are some legal immigrants more vulnerable than others?

This study examined health insurance disparities among recent immigrants. The authors analyzed all working-age adult immigrants between the ages of 18 and 64 using the New Immigrant Survey data collected in 2003.This survey is a cross-sectional interview of recent legal permanent residents on their social, economic, and health status.

Predictors of prostate cancer screening among older immigrant men.

Objective: To examine the predictors of prostate cancer screening among immigrant men aged > or =50 years who hold legal permanent residency status.

Methods: A modified version of the behavioral model of health services use for vulnerable populations. A logistic regression model was used to test predisposing, enabling and need factors related to prostate cancer screening among older immigrant men.

Funneling Child Welfare Consumers into and through the Mental Health System: Assessment, Referral, and Quality Issues.

This qualitative study explores how consumers of child welfare services reach nonpsychiatric mental health providers and the perceived quality of these services. It relies on iterative interviews with individuals and groups, as well as on court observations from one metropolitan area. Results suggest that, consistent with theories of street-level bureaucracy, efficiency issues drive mental health service use, as clients are routinely subjected to psychological evaluations and funneled into mental health services as a matter of course.