Association of Lipoprotein(a) with peri-coronary inflammation in persons with and without HIV infection.

Background: Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to persons without HIV (PWoH). Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a known atherosclerotic risk factor in PWoH, but there are no studies investigating Lp(a) and peri-coronary inflammation.

Objective: To investigate whether Lp(a) is associated with peri-coronary inflammation as assessed by the fat attenuation index (FAI) and activated monocytes and T lymphocytes in PWH and PWoH.

A Multimodal Ayurveda and Mind-Body Therapeutic Intervention for Chronic Symptoms Attributed to a Postinfectious Syndrome: A Pilot Study.

Evaluate feasibility and impact of a multimodal integrative therapeutic intervention in patients presenting with chronic symptoms attributed to a postinfectious syndrome. This was a prospective longitudinal single-center pilot study conducted from January 2019 to December 2020. University of Maryland Lyme Program, Baltimore Maryland.

The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians.

Milk and legumes are good source of protein foods used to sustain muscle mass, but their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism may be different. This is relevant, for example, in the dietetic response to obesity or diabetes, where the intake of high-quality protein is often increased significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the acute effect of whey and soy protein (15% vs.

Documentation quality of patient-directed discharge and early warning interactions in an adult inpatient service.

Documentation quality of patient-physician discussion, assessment, and intervention at the time of patient-directed discharges (elopement and 'against medical advice' discharges) is found to be poor in available studies and, importantly, may be a proxy for quality of care delivered. Less is known about the patient-physician interactions and documentation at the time a patient vocalizes the desire to leave early ('early warning interaction') prior to a patient-directed discharge. This was a cohort study comprising a retrospective chart review of patients leaving 'against medical advice' from an inpatient internal medicine-infectious disease service at a tertiary medical center from 01 July 2020 to 24 September 2021.

Predictors of Nonadherence Among Patients With Infectious Complications of Substance Use Who Are Discharged on Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy.

Background: The management of invasive infections related to substance use disorder (SUD) needing parenteral antimicrobial therapy is challenging and may have poor treatment outcomes including nonadherence and lack of completion of parenteral antimicrobial therapy.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort of 201 patients with invasive infections related to SUD, we looked at frequency and determinants of unfavorable outcomes including nonadherence.

Results: Seventy-nine percent of patients with SUD-related infection completed parenteral antibiotic therapy in skilled nursing facilities.

Hepatitis C cure and medications for opioid use disorder improve health-related quality of life in patients with opioid use disorder actively engaged in substance use.

Background: This study aims to determine whether Hepatitis C (HCV) treatment improves health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) actively engaged in substance use, and which variables are associated with improving HRQL in patients with OUD during HCV treatment.

Methods: Data are from a prospective, open-label, observational study of 198 patients with OUD or opioid misuse within 1 year of study enrollment who received HCV treatment with the primary endpoint of Sustained Virologic Response (SVR). HRQL was assessed using the Hepatitis C Virus Patient Reported Outcomes (HCV-PRO) survey, with higher scores denoting better HRQL.

Cancer in patients with and without HIV infection in the national cancer registry of Rwanda.

Objective: As antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been widely scaled up in Rwanda, life expectancies among people with HIV (PWH) have increased. With increasing viral suppression, AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) typically decrease; however, as the PWH population ages, non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) will be expected to increase. The aim of this study was to compare cancer diagnoses between PWH and patients without HIV in Rwanda and to describe the changes in the number and types of cancer over time.

Predictors of in-hospital mortality in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLHIV) admitted to an academic medical intensive care unit from 2009 to 2014: A retrospective cohort study.

Outcomes for critically ill people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) have changed with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). To identify these outcomes and correlates of mortality in a contemporary critically ill cohort in an urban academic medical center in Baltimore, a city with a high burden of HIV, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals admitted to a medical intensive care unit (MICU) at a tertiary care center between 2009 and 2014. PLHIV who were at least 18 years of age with an index MICU admission of ≥24 hours during the 5-year study period were included in this analysis.

Assessment of coronary inflammation in antiretroviral treated people with HIV infection and active HIV/hepatitis C virus co-infection.

Objective: People with HIV (PWH) and co-infected with hepatitis C virus (PWH + HCV) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Peri-coronary inflammation, measured by fat attenuation index (FAI) on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), independently predicts cardiovascular risk in the general population but has not been studied in the PWH + HCV population. We tested whether peri-coronary inflammation is increased in PWH or PWH + HCV, and whether inflammation changes over time.