Diagnostic performance of kidney injury molecule-1 for detection of abnormal urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In this study, we aimed to investigate whether serum and urinary levels of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) are increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with albuminuria. While the correlation of urinary KIM-1 with renal impairment has been well established, the association with serum KIM-1 has not yet been so well documented. The present pilot study included Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D): A total of 84 patients with T2D (age 49-64 years; 20 men) were included in the analysis of the present study.