Do Eligibility Criteria for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) Active Surveillance Trials Identify Patients at Low Risk for Upgrade to Invasive Carcinoma?

Background: Clinical trials are currently ongoing to determine the safety and efficacy of active surveillance (AS) versus usual care (surgical and radiation treatment) for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This study aimed to determine upgrade rates of DCIS at needle biopsy to invasive carcinoma at surgery among women who meet the eligibility criteria for AS trials.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of consecutive women at an academic medical center with a diagnosis of DCIS at needle biopsy from 2007 to 2016.

Digital 2D versus Tomosynthesis Screening Mammography among Women Aged 65 and Older in the United States.

Background Although breast cancer incidence and mortality rates increase with advancing age, there are limited data on the benefits and risks of screening mammography in older women and on the performance of two-dimensional digital mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in older women. Purpose To compare performance metrics of DM and DBT among women aged 65 years and older. Materials and Methods For this retrospective study, consecutive screening mammograms in patients aged 65 years and older from March 2008 to February 2011 (DM group) and from January 2013 to December 2015 (DBT group) were reviewed.

Canceled MRI-guided Breast Biopsies Due to Nonvisualization: Follow-up and Outcomes.

Rationale And Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate breast lesion outcomes in patients after canceled MRI-guided breast biopsy due to lesion nonvisualization.

Materials And Methods: Electronic medical records (January 2007-December 2014) were searched for patients with canceled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided breast biopsies due to lesion nonvisualization. A total of 1403 MRI-detected lesions were scheduled for MRI-guided biopsy and 89 were canceled because of nonvisualization.

Most Common Publication Types in Radiology Journals:: What is the Level of Evidence?

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to assess the most common publication types in radiology journals, as well as temporal trends and association with citation frequency.

Materials And Methods: PubMed was searched to extract all published articles having the following "Publication Type" indices: "validation studies," "meta-analysis," "clinical trial," "comparative study," "evaluation study," "guideline," "multicenter study," "randomized study," "review," "editorial," "case report," and "technical report." The percentage of articles within each category published within clinical radiology journals was computed.

Hypovascular hepatic nodules at gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: whole-lesion hepatobiliary phase histogram metrics for prediction of progression to arterial-enhancing hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: To explore whole-lesion histogram analysis of the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) defect in indeterminate hypovascular liver lesions for predicting progression to arterial-enhancing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Twenty patients undergoing gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for HCC screening with 12° and 25° flip angle (FA) HBP acquisitions demonstrating an indeterminate lesion showing HBP hypointensity but no arterial enhancement were included. Volumes-of-interest were placed on HBP defects, from which histogram metrics were obtained.

Frequency of carcinoma at secondary imaging-guided percutaneous breast biopsy performed after a high-risk pathologic result at primary biopsy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of carcinoma identified with secondary presurgical imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy for patients with high-risk pathologic findings at primary percutaneous biopsy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective computerized search of our breast imaging database from January 1, 2005, to October 1, 2010, was conducted to identify the cases of patients with high-risk pathologic findings at primary biopsy who underwent at least one secondary biopsy within 9 months and underwent surgical excision. Lesion type, location, biopsy guidance, device, number of samples, and histopathologic findings were recorded.

(99m)Tc MIBI SPECT findings in parathyromatosis--a rare entity causing recurrent hyperparathyroidism.

Parathyromatosis is a rare clinical condition resulting in recurrent hyperparathyroidism that often poses challenges in its diagnosis and complete surgical cure. We report the (99m)Tc MIBI SPECT findings in a patient with recurrent hyperparathyroidism requiring multiple parathyroid explorations. MIBI SPECT helped localize the areas of these "recurrent parathyroid lesions" that were often found outside of the expected locations within the neck.

Left ventricular myocardium metastasis in a patient with primary renal cell carcinoma detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Cardiac metastases from renal cell carcinoma are rare but should be recognized when present. We report PET/CT findings in a patient with headache and diplopia and cerebral metastasis from an unknown primary of clear cell adenocarcinoma origin. PET/CT revealed uptake with a left renal cell carcinoma, and revealed multiple metastatic lesions, including an FDG-avid metastasis within the left ventricular myocardium.

Concise review: Stem cells in the corneal stroma.

The cornea is a tough transparent tissue admitting and focusing light in the eye. More than 90% of the cornea is stroma, a highly organized, transparent connective tissue maintained by keratocytes, quiescent mesenchymal cells of neural crest origin. A small population of cells in the mammalian stroma displays properties of mesenchymal stem cells, including clonal growth, multipotent differentiation, and expression of an array of stem cell-specific markers.

Mammographic appearance of recurrent breast cancer after breast conservation therapy.

Rationale And Objectives: To compare the mammographic appearance of recurrent breast cancer to the primary tumor in patients treated with breast conservation therapy.

Materials And Methods: The charts of women with American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage I or II breast cancer who underwent breast conservation therapy between 1977 and 2001 at our institution were reviewed. A total of 132 patients were diagnosed with local recurrence.