Healthcare and support experiences of adolescents and young adults diagnosed with 47,XXY, 47,XXX, and 48,XXYY.

Sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) are among the most common chromosomal conditions. There is little scholarship on how adolescents and young adults (AYAs) affected by SCA engage with and adapt to their diagnosis. In order to understand how AYAs adapt to a SCA diagnosis, we conducted a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews with AYAs.

Experiences of individuals receiving a sex chromosome multisomy diagnosis.

Sex chromosome multisomies (SCMs) are genomic conditions with variable phenotypes that range from undetectable to requiring extensive clinical intervention. Currently, many individuals with SCMs are diagnosed in adolescence or adulthood based on physical symptoms related to pubertal development and infertility. Given the expansion of genetic testing in routine clinical practice, the diagnosing clinician is increasingly a primary care or family medicine provider.

β-Adrenergic-stimulated macrophages: Comprehensive localization in the M1-M2 spectrum.

β-Adrenergic signaling can regulate macrophage involvement in several diseases and often produces anti-inflammatory properties in macrophages, which are similar to M2 properties in a dichotomous M1 vs. M2 macrophage taxonomy. However, it is not clear that β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages may be classified strictly as M2.