Global trends in clinical trials involving engineered biomaterials.

Engineered biomaterials are materials specifically designed to interact with biological systems for biomedical applications. This paper offers the comprehensive analysis of global clinical trial trends involving such materials. We surveyed 834 studies in the ClinicalTrials.

Comparison of Antibacterial Efficacy of Triple Antibiotic-Loaded Hydrogel Versus Modified Triple Antibiotic-Loaded Hydrogel as Intracanal Medicament Against Enterococcus faecalis: An In vitro Study.

Objective: Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) is known to have an essential role in the success of endodontic treatment by eliminating pathogens from the root canal system. Unfortunately, it causes discolouration and cytotoxicity at high concentrations. The objective of this research was to assess and compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of various concentrations (1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg) of TAP, TAP hydrogel (TAPH), M-TAP, and M-TAP hydrogel (MTAPH) against Enterococcus faecalis.

Comparative Evaluation of Bacterial Reduction by Laser-Activated Irrigation Technique (LAI) With Conventional Needle Irrigation (CNI) in Single-Rooted Teeth With Pulpal Necrosis: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim  To compare the bacterial reduction in single-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis after laser-activated irrigation technique (LAI) and conventional needle irrigation (CNI). Methodology In this clinical trial (CTRI/2021/09/047767), 32 patients with pulpal necrosis were enrolled. Under complete aseptic conditions, access cavity preparation was done and the baseline sample S1 was collected from the root canal using paper points.

Comparison of postoperative pain reduction following laser, ultrasonic activation and conventional needle irrigation after root canal treatment - A randomized clinical trial.

Background: To compare the incidence of postoperative pain and analgesic intake on the administration of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using IrriSafeTM, laser-activated irrigation (LAI) using Er:Cr: YSGG in comparison to conventional needle irrigation (CNI) in participants diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP).

Material And Methods: In this randomised double-blinded parallel trial, 75 participants requiring root canal treatment in mandibular first molars diagnosed with SIP were enrolled. A 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for pain assessment and patients presented with a preoperative pain score of 5 cm and above were only selected.

Comparison of Reverse Sandwich Restorations Versus Composite Fillings for the Restoration of External Cervical Resorptions: An In-Vitro Study.

Objective: The aim was to compare the 'reverse sandwich restoration' to resin composite restorations re- garding marginal adaptation, fracture resistance, favourable/unfavourable fractures in the management of external cervical resorption.

Methods: Forty-eight extracted maxillary central incisors were selected and endodontically treated. Cervical regions of the labial root surfaces received simulated resorptive defects and were restored as three randomly allocated groups: Reverse Sandwich Restoration (resin composite + resin-modified glass ionomer) (RSR); resin composite restoration (COMP), and no restoration (NR).

Regenerative Endodontic Procedures in Teeth with Root Resorption: A Systematic Review.

The purpose of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the available clinical literature on the use of regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) for the treatment of root resorption. All case reports, case series and clinical studies documenting the management of root resorption in mature or immature permanent teeth using RET were included. Review articles, animal studies, and RET in teeth showing developmental anomalies were excluded.

The effect of desensitizing agents on the bond strength of dentin bonding agents: A systematic review.

Background: Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a common dental problem and is treated non-invasively using topical application of various desensitizing agents. When there is loss of tooth structure or tooth preparation is to be followed by a bonded restoration, it requires application of dentin bonding agent. However, the effect of desensitizers on bond strength is still controversial.

The Antimicrobial Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract versus Chlorhexidine in High Caries Risk Individuals Using Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction: A Randomized Triple-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial.

The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial effectiveness of chlorhexidine and PPE oral rinse on , , and , in clinical salivary samples of patients with advanced stages of dental caries at baseline and two and four weeks with PCR technique. This triple-blind randomized clinical trial involved 60 high caries risk adult patients, 19-59 years of age, randomly allocated into two groups of 30 subjects each. The intervention group received pomegranate peel extract mouthwash, whereas the control group received chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fractures by Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Root-filled Teeth with Confirmation by Direct Visualization: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: The purpose of this review was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging in detecting vertical root fractures (VRFs) in root-filled teeth compared with a reference standard (direct visualization).

Methods: Electronic searches were performed in Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and gray literature for English language articles until June 2020. Prospective and retrospective clinical studies using CBCT imaging to diagnose VRFs in root-filled teeth were included.

Concentrated Growth Factor - Surgical Management of Large Periapical Lesion Using a Novel Platelet Concentrate in Combination with Bone Graft.

Although endodontic therapy is typically successful, in approximately 10%-15% of the cases, symptoms can persist or reoccur. Periapical surgery is the preferred treatment of choice in failed root canal therapy, chronic periapical lesion, persistent apical periodontitis, etc., i.

Current Trends in the Use of Irrigant Activation Techniques Among Endodontists & Post-Graduate Dental Students in India -A Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Based Survey.

Objective: The aim of this survey was to examine the practice/use of Irrigant Activation Techniques (IAT) among Endodontists and post-graduate dental students in India.

Methods: An invitation to participate in this survey was sent by electronic mail to 902 members of Indian Endodontic society. A total of 32 questions were finalized for the survey after validation by five endodontic experts.

Comparison of antibacterial effectiveness of three rotary file system with different geometry in infected root canals before and after instrumentation-a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: To compare the antibacterial effectiveness of three rotary file systems i.e., ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold and XP-endo Shaper in root canals of teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Expression profile of salivary micro RNA-21 and 31 in oral potentially malignant disorders.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) possess significant chances of malignancy conversion. In order to develop an early diagnostic tool, the present study evaluated the expression of miRNA-21 and 31 as salivary markers. The case-control study was carried out in 36 healthy participants as controls and in 36 patients who were newly diagnosed as OPMD having four different lesions including leucoplakia, oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF)궱, oral lichen planus, and (OSMF)궱 with leucoplakia.

Quantitative analysis for detection of toxic elements in various irrigants, their combination (precipitate), and para-chloroaniline: An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry study.

Introduction: Chlorhexidine (CHX) interacts with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and herbal irrigants such as neem and tulsi to form precipitate which contains para-chloroaniline (PCA). No studies till date have reported about metal elements present in this combination as well as in irrigants.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the precipitate formed on combination of different irrigants, weigh the amount of precipitate formed, and to analyze 35 different metal elements in each irrigant, precipitate formed as well as in PCA.

Probiotic strains in caries prevention: A systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this article is to review the published literature with the purpose of knowing the importance of using various probiotic strains as a preventive and therapeutic method for dental caries management.

Materials And Methods: Research question was formulated based on the PICO strategy. A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted across PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and EBSCOhost databases independently by two reviewers.

Effectiveness of rotary and reciprocating systems on microbial reduction: A systematic review.

Introduction: The role of microorganism and their products in the initiation, propagation, and persistence of periradicular periodontitis has been established. One of the major goals of the treatment of infected root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis is to promote maximal reduction in the intracanal bacterial populations. Engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments possess the latest generation of root canal instruments.

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of precipitate formation following interaction of chlorhexidine with sodium hypochlorite, neem, and tulsi.

Introduction: The interaction between chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) yields a thick precipitate capable of occluding dentinal tubules. Previous studies are unclear as to the above-mentioned precipitate contains para-chloroaniline (PCA) or not. PCA is a known toxic and carcinogenic compound which may lead to methemoglobinemia in humans.

Concentrated Growth Factors as an Ingenious Biomaterial in Regeneration of Bony Defects after Periapical Surgery: A Report of Two Cases.

The overall success of a periapical surgery is assessed in terms of regeneration of functional periradicular tissues. The regenerative potential of platelets has been well documented. This article describes the use of concentrated growth factors (CGF), a new family of autologous platelet concentrates, as a sole material for bone regeneration after periapical surgery.

Clinical performance of direct versus indirect composite restorations in posterior teeth: A systematic review.

Background: Composite resin, serves as esthetic alternative to amalgam and cast restorations. Posterior teeth can be restored using direct or indirect composite restorations. The selection between direct and indirect technique is a clinically challenging decision-making process.

Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain after using endodontic needle and EndoActivator during root canal irrigation: A randomised controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the postoperative level of pain after activation of irrigants using EndoActivator with conventional needle irrigation during root canal therapy. In this prospective randomised clinical trial, 72 symptomatic irreversible pulpitis patients were selected. Based on block randomisation after routine root canal preparation, patients were assigned to two groups.

Influence of calcium hydroxide on the post-treatment pain in Endodontics: A systematic review.

Introduction: Pain of endodontic origin has been a major concern to the patients and the clinicians for many years. Post-operative pain is associated with inflammation in the periradicular tissues caused by irritants egressing from root canal during treatment. It has been suggested that calcium hydroxide intra-canal medicament has pain-preventive properties because of its anti-microbial or tissue altering effects.

Effect of two different chemomechanical caries removal agents on dentin microhardness: An in vitro study.

Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of two different chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) agents on dentin microhardness.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the crown portion of ten carious-free and ten caries-affected teeth were selected. In carious-free samples, the teeth were decoronated at the level of cemento - enamel junction.