Resurgence of common respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae after ending the zero-COVID policy in Shanghai.

China has adhered to policies of zero-COVID for almost three years since the outbreak of COVID-19, which has remarkably affected the circulation of respiratory pathogens. However, China has begun to end the zero-COVID policies in late 2022. Here, we reported a resurgence of common respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae with unique epidemiological characteristics among children after ending the zero-COVID policy in Shanghai, China, 2023.

The association between the dietary inflammatory index and allergic rhinitis: a case-control study.

Background And Objective: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. However, there is limited research on the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the risk of AR. Our study aimed to assess the association between DII and AR in a sample of adults from North China.

Identification of a combined hypoxia and lactate metabolism prognostic signature in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: In the tumor microenvironment (TME), a bidirectional relationship exists between hypoxia and lactate metabolism, with each component exerting a reciprocal influence on the other, forming an inextricable link. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a prognostic model by amalgamating genes associated with hypoxia and lactate metabolism. This model is intended to serve as a tool for predicting patient outcomes, including survival rates, the status of the immune microenvironment, and responsiveness to therapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Distribution of CMV envelope glycoprotein B, H and N genotypes in infants with congenital cytomegalovirus symptomatic infection.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of congenital infections worldwide and contributes to long-term sequelae in neonates and children. CMV envelope glycoproteins play a vital role in virus entry and cell fusion. The association between CMV polymorphisms and clinical outcomes remains controversial.

Chiral DNA Nanotubes Self-Assembled from Building Blocks with Tailorable Curvature and Twist.

DNA nanotubes with prescribed geometry could allow for nanomaterial organization with designed optical or electrical function. As one of the dominating driving forces for DNA nanotube assembly, intrinsic curvature and twist of building blocks can be induced by bending deformation and twisting deformation. However, it is still unknown that how bending and twisting design on nanoscale building blocks affects the geometry of DNA tubes with micrometer length.

The changing pattern of common respiratory and enteric viruses among outpatient children in Shanghai, China: Two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) taken to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have not only decreased the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 but also have had an impact on the prevalence of other common viruses. This study aimed to investigate the long-term impact of NPIs on common respiratory and enteric viruses among children in Shanghai, China, as NPIs were relaxed after June 2020. The laboratory results and clinical data of outpatient children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) were analyzed and compared between the post-COVID-19 period (from June 2020 to January 2022) and pre-COVID-19 period (from June 2018 to January 2020).

Prevalence and genotypes distribution of group A rotavirus among outpatient children under 5 years with acute diarrhea in Shanghai, China, 2012-2018.

Background: Group A rotavirus (RVA) remains the main causative agent of acute diarrhea among children under five years in countries that have not yet introduced the RVA vaccine worldwide. Long-term and continuous monitoring data on RVA infection in outpatient children were lacking in Shanghai. We investigated the prevalence and distribution of RVA genotypes in outpatient children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai from 2012 to 2018.

Analytical and clinical evaluation of a novel assay for measurement of interleukin 6 in human whole blood samples.

Background: Interleukin 6 assays are useful in early detection of infections and risk stratification of critically ill patients, so an assay with a short turnaround-time and near-patient use is preferred. This study evaluated the performance of a new interleukin 6 assay, Pylon IL-6 assay, and explored its potential use in near-patient settings.

Methods: We carried out imprecision, linearity and comparison studies using serum and plasma samples according to CLSI EP guidelines.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of respiratory viruses in children with lower respiratory tract infections in China.

Background: The multifaceted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) taken during the COVID-19 pandemic not only decrease the spreading of the SARS-CoV-2, but have impact on the prevalence of other viruses. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of common respiratory viruses among hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Respiratory specimens were obtained from children with LRTI at Children's Hospital of Fudan University for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1 to 3, influenza virus A (FluA), influenza virus B (FluB), human metapneumovirus (MPV) and rhinovirus (RV).

Human cytomegalovirus envelope glycoprotein B, H, and N polymorphisms among infants of Shanghai area in China.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection and an opportunistic pathogen capable of establishing lifelong latency. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of glycoprotein B, H, and N in infants of Shanghai and correlate the genotype with active and latent HCMV infection. A total of 129 urine samples were collected between August 2014 and December 2015 from infants under 3 years with HCMV infection.

A novel multiplex PCR for virus detection by melting curve analysis.

Background: Rapid and accurate laboratory diagnoses of viral infections are crucial for the management and treatment of patients with viral infections. Conventional methods for virus detection are labourious, time consuming, and only a single virus can be analysed in one assay.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a novel real-time PCR method for multiple virus detection by melting curve analysis using Taqman probes in a single reaction.

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Human Adenovirus Infections among Hospitalized Children with Acute Diarrhea in Shanghai, China, 2006-2011.

: Human adenovirus (HAdV) is considered a significant enteropathogen associated with sporadic diarrhea in children. However, limited data are available regarding the epidemiology of HAdV in hospitalized children with viral diarrhea in Shanghai. The aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiology of HAdVs and describe their association with acute diarrhea in hospitalized children.

Genotypes of the Enterovirus Causing Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Shanghai, China, 2012-2013.

Sporadic HFMD (hand foot and mouth disease, HFMD) cases and outbreaks caused by etiologic agents other than EV71 and CA16 have increased globally. We conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of enteroviruses, especially the non-EV71 and non-CA16 enteroviruses, causing HFMD in Shanghai. Clinical specimens were collected from patients with a diagnosis of HFMD.

Molecular characterization and multiple infections of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus in outpatients with sporadic gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2010-2011.

Rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV), human astrovirus (HAstV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) are significant because they are the most common pathogens that cause diarrhea in young children. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic characteristics and compare the roles of these five viruses in outpatient children with diarrhea in Shanghai. A total of 436 fecal samples were collected from pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis from January 2010 to December 2011.

Molecular epidemiology of human calicivirus infections in children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai: a retrospective comparison between inpatients and outpatients treated between 2006 and 2011.

Human caliciviruses (HuCVs), especially noroviruses, are currently the second leading cause of acute diarrhea in children; however, data are limited in Shanghai and other regions of the world regarding the epidemic difference of HuCV infections between inpatients and outpatients. Fecal samples (n = 1110) were collected from children up to age 5 years with acute diarrhea treated as inpatients or outpatients at Children's Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai, between 2006 and 2011. Human calicivirus was detected and genotyped using an RT-PCR assay for the RdRp gene.

Enterovirus genotypes causing hand foot and mouth disease in Shanghai, China: a molecular epidemiological analysis.

Background: A rapid expansion of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks has occurred and caused deaths in China in recent years, but little is known about the other etiologic agents except enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16). The objective of this study is to determine the genotype compositions of enterovirus causing HFMD in Shanghai and identify any associations between enterovirus types and clinical manifestations.

Methods: Stool specimens were collected from patients hospitalized for treatment of HFMD, from May 2010 to April 2011.

A new accurate assay for Coxsackievirus A 16 by fluorescence detection of isothermal RNA amplification.

Coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) is one of the most common causes of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) worldwide. Without a vaccine or antiviral drug early, rapid, and accurate detection is critical for preventing and controlling HFMD. A simultaneous amplification and testing (SAT) assay was developed for detecting CA16 based on isothermal RNA amplification with fluorescence using standard, real-time PCR equipment.