A two pulse drug delivery system for amoxicillin: an attempt to counter the scourge of bacterial resistance against antibiotics.

Bearing in mind the present scenario of the increasing biological tolerance of bacteria against antibiotics, a time controlled two pulse dosage form of amoxicillin was developed. The compression coating inlay tablet approach was used to deliver the drug in two pulses to different parts of the GIT after a well defined lag time between the two releases. This was made possible by formulating a core containing one of the two drug fractions (intended to be delivered as the second pulse), which was spray coated with a suspension of ethyl cellulose and a hydrophilic but water insoluble agent as a pore former (microcrystalline cellulose).

Chronopharmaceutics: a promising drug delivery finding of the last two decades.

Pulsatile drug delivery system capable of releasing the drug after a predetermined lag period in pulsed or controlled release manner recently has drawn the attention of both academic and industrial research. Depending on the effective therapeutic application of the drug, a variety of design strategies have been formulated in the pursuit of pulsatile release. Circadian (24 hr cycle) dependency of various physiological and pathological functions is well established, thus, it becomes imperative to develop a drug delivery system to achieve release of drug at specific site and time.

Distinctive features of "chronotherapeutic" and "pulsatile" drug delivery systems negating the practice of their interchangeable terminology.

The term pulsatile drug delivery has often been used as a synonym to chronotherapeutic drug delivery. This needs to be given a thought as both the drug delivery systems are entirely addressing different needs of the patients as well as the intentions of the formulators being different. Chronotherapeutic systems are based completely on circadian needs and response of the body and the need of the drug to be in its maximum concentrations at a particular time of the day, the fact being supported by endless list of ailments which elicit the related symptoms at a particular time of the day.

Multiple-pulse drug delivery systems: setting a new paradigm for infectious disease therapy.

Background: Pulsatile drug delivery of actives based on the body's biological rhythms came into sight as a novel and emerging concept in the field of drug delivery. The concept of late has given birth to another field of research worth exploring: multiple-pulse drug delivery.

Objective: Delivering a drug in multiple pulses has been applied to antibiotics for effective and patient compliant drug delivery.

Site specific chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems: a patent review.

Oral dosage forms are known to provide a zero order or first order release in which the drug is released at a substantially steady rate of release per unit of time. However, there are instances where maintaining a constant blood level of a drug is not desirable. In such cases a pulsatile drug delivery may be more advantageous.