Single-dose and Steady-state Pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin in Critically Ill Patients Admitted to Medical Intensive Care Unit of India.

Rationale: Vancomycin remains the standard of care for gram-positive bacterial infections, though there are significant developments in newer antibacterial agents. Efficacy can be improved by linking pharmacokinetic with pharmacodynamic principles, thus leading to optimum antibiotic exposure. There is scarcity of pharmacokinetic data in Indian intensive care unit (ICU) population.

Steady-state Pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin in Children Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Referral Center.

Aims And Objectives: Vancomycin is a drug of choice for various gram-positive bacterial (GPB) infections and is largely prescribed to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients. Despite the different pathophysiology of these patients, limited data are available on pharmacokinetics of vancomycin. There are lack of data for critically ill Indian children; hence, study was conducted to assess the steady-state pharmacokinetics in children admitted to PICU.

A Multicentric, Prospective, Observational Antibacterial Utilization Study in Indian Tertiary Referral Centers.

Rationale: Antibacterials are largely prescribed to the intensive care unit (ICU) patients due to high prevalence of infections. However, appropriate use of antibacterials is imperative; since the misuse of antibacterials increases antibacterial resistance and ultimately, it has negative impact on health care and economic system. Hence, continuous antibacterials prescription assessments are very important to judge and improve prescription patterns.

A Prospective Antibacterial Utilization Study in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Referral Center.

Purpose: Antibacterials are commonly prescribed to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) patients. However, inappropriate antibacterial prescriptions lead to increases in antibacterial resistance, treatment cost, duration of treatment, and poor clinical outcome. The antibacterial utilization study assesses the prescription patterns and if necessary recommends the interventions to improve antibacterial prescriptions.

A prospective study to assess the association between genotype, phenotype and Prakriti in individuals on phenytoin monotherapy.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms in drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) impart distinct drug metabolizing capacity and a unique phenotype to an individual. Phenytoin has large inter-individual variability in metabolism due to polymorphisms in CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. As per Ayurveda, Prakriti imparts a unique phenotype to an individual.

Evaluation of cytochrome P450 2D6 phenotyping in healthy adult Western Indians.

Background: Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) metabolizes around 25% of the drugs used in therapeutics and different polymorphisms have been identified in various populations. This study aimed at finding the prevalence of CYP2D6 polymorphisms using dextromethorphan as a probe drug.

Materials And Methods: Healthy participants were administered 60 mg dextromethorphan after an overnight fast and 5 ml of blood was collected 3 h postdose.