Evaluation of the Remineralisation of the Demineralized Enamel Surrounding Orthodontic Brackets using the Nano Hydroxyapatite: An Original Study.

Introduction: The orthodontic appliances have been known to accelerate enamel loss due to various reasons. Since there are few studies supporting the role of the nano-HAP in the mineralization of the demineralized tooth surfaces, the current study compared nano-HAP's capacity to remineralize the demineralized enamel layer surrounding braces at various concentration levels.

Materials And Procedures: This investigation involved 60 healthy permanent premolars that had just been excised.

Assessment of Salivary Catalase, a-Amylase, and Cotinine Levels in Chronic Smokers: A Comparative Study.

Introduction: One of the common practices observed in many parts of the world is smoking, of which tobacco forms an important constituent which is burned and inhaled. Smoking is known to have potential effect on body's immune system, antioxidants level, and salivary cotinine levels. Hence, we planned the present study to evaluate the impact of cigarette smoke on salivary anti-oxidant levels and cotinine levels in smokers and nonsmokers.