Conformational ensemble-based framework enables rapid development of Lassa virus vaccine candidates.

Lassa virus (LASV), an arenavirus endemic to West Africa, poses a significant public health threat due to its high pathogenicity and expanding geographic risk zone. LASV glycoprotein complex (GPC) is the only known target of neutralizing antibodies, but its inherent metastability and conformational flexibility have hindered the development of GPC-based vaccines. We employed a variant of AlphaFold2 (AF2), called subsampled AF2, to generate diverse structures of LASV GPC that capture an array of potential conformational states using MSA subsampling and dropout layers.

Decoding protein dynamicity in DNA ligase activity through deep learning-based structural ensembles.

Numerous proteins perform their functions by transitioning between various structures. Understanding the conformational ensembles associated with these states is essential for uncovering crucial mechanistic aspects that regulate protein function. In this study, we utilized AlphaFold3 () to investigate the structural dynamics and mechanisms of enzymes involved in DNA homeostasis, using NAD-dependent Taq ligases and human DNA Ligase 1 as a case example.

Technology in farming: Unleashing farmers' behavioral intention for the adoption of agriculture 5.0.

The agriculture sector has undergone a remarkable revolution known as Agriculture 5.0 (Ag 5.0), emphasizing digital technology to boost efficiency and profitability of farm business.

The immediate impact of mandatory helmet law on maxillo-facial trauma: A comparative study in a major trauma center, Uttar Pradesh.

Aim: To analyze the effect of the mandatory helmet rule in helmet usage among motorcycle riders and on facial trauma and to determine the significance of difference in the possibility of facial trauma between the helmeted and non-helmeted motorcycle riders.

Setting And Design: A retrospective comparative study conducted in a major trauma center at Uttar Pradesh.

Material And Method: Data for the present study was obtained from records of the Emergency Department of Trauma Center, for a period of two months before and after the implementation of The Motor Vehicles Act in UP.

Bipaddled Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap in Complex Oral Cancer Defects- A Single Center Experience with Quality of Life Assessment.

Introduction: Advanced stage malignancies of oral cavity commonly result in complex full thickness defects with subsequent functional and aesthetic loss. Through this article we describe our center's experience in reconstruction of such defects with bipaddled pectoralis myocutaneous (PMMC) flap through an immediate, single-staged procedure.

Materials And Methods: The study included a total of 54 patients who underwent composite resection and neck dissection followed by reconstruction of the defect with bipaddled PMMC flap.

Effects of curcumin on oral cancer at molecular level: A systematic review.

This systematic review mainly focuses on the effects of curcumin on oral cancer cells at the molecular level and summarizes the results of the studies. We searched and analyzed various databases such as Pub Med, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus. Searches were conducted from 2006 to 2021.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting a conserved silent face of spike RBD resist extreme SARS-CoV-2 antigenic drift.

Developing broad coronavirus vaccines requires identifying and understanding the molecular basis of broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) spike sites. In our previous work, we identified sarbecovirus spike RBD group 1 and 2 bnAbs. We have now shown that many of these bnAbs can still neutralize highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the XBB.

En Block Versus Separate Management of Cervical Nodes in Tongue and Floor of the Mouth Cancers- Is There a Difference? An Analysis of 85 Cases in a Tertiary Care Institute.

To evaluate difference in local recurrence, regional (neck) recurrence as well as distant metastases between cases operated with en-block excision of primary cancer and neck nodes versus their separate removal, in squamous cell carcinomas of anterior 2/3 of tongue and floor of the mouth. A total 85 patients of cT1-T4a N0-N2b of carcinoma anterior 2/3 of tongue and floor of mouth were evaluated. Amongst these patients 39 cases of in-continuity en-block neck dissection and 46 cases of discontinuous neck dissection were evaluated for post-operative complications as well as oncological outcome for a follow up period of 3 years.

Management of Maxillary Sagittal Fracture by using Pre-activated Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME).

Introduction: Different techniques of the management of sagittal maxillary fractures have been described with different advantages and disadvantages. We herein present our experience and results of managing these cases by reversing pre-activated maxillary expanders and evaluation of its efficacy.

Patient And Methods: A prospective study was conducted from April 2016 to February 2020 including all the patients managed for sagittal palatal fractures using the modified technique.

Autoreconstruction of the tongue in case of extensive verrucous carcinoma.

Tongue reconstruction can be simple to complex depending on the size of the defect. Reconstruction of medium-to-large size defect is technically demanding to achieve better esthetic and functional outcome. There are various options in the reconstruction of tongue defect when it comes to the type of flap.

Mango-shaped Bi-paddled pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction for large full-thickness defects post resection of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity: An analysis of 232 cases.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to examine the feasibility of bi-paddled pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap reconstruction in patient undergoing full thickness composite resection.

Materials And Methods: Inclusion criteria: The subjects chosen were patients with clinically T4A squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa, lower alveolus, and maxilla in with skin involvement. Patients required a full-thickness composite resection of intraoral lesion, bone (mandibular segment and/or maxilla), and overlying involved skin and had modified radical neck dissection.

Circadian desynchronization in pregnancy of Golden hamster following long time light exposure: Involvement of Akt/FoxO1 pathway.

Coordination between central and peripheral reproductive clocks in females is poorly understood. Long light is having a hazardous effect on reproductive health. Hence, explored the effect of long-time light exposure (LLD; 16L:8D) on the central and peripheral reproductive (ovary and uterus) clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1 and Cry2) and its downstream regulators (Aanat, Egf, Cx26, Cx43, ERα, pAktS-473, pAktT-308, pFoxO1T-24, 14-3-3, HoxA10, HoxA11 and Pibf) expression in non-pregnant and pregnant Golden hamster.

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: A tertiary center-based epidemiological study.

Introduction: Limitation of mouth opening can be caused by bony or fibrous ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as a sequel to trauma, infection, or autoimmune diseases. The incidence of TMJ ankylosis differs significantly in different parts of the world. The purpose of this study was to analyze the etiological incidence of TMJ ankylosis at our tertiary-level center, which covers a huge population from parts of Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by HIV-1 specific broadly neutralizing antibodies and polyclonal plasma.

Cross-reactive epitopes (CREs) are similar epitopes on viruses that are recognized or neutralized by same antibodies. The S protein of SARS-CoV-2, similar to type I fusion proteins of viruses such as HIV-1 envelope (Env) and influenza hemagglutinin, is heavily glycosylated. Viral Env glycans, though host derived, are distinctly processed and thereby recognized or accommodated during antibody responses.

Temporalis myofascial flap in reconstruction of maxillary defect: A case series.

Ablative surgery of midface often leads to compromised aesthetics as well as function. Defects caused by ablative surgery need reconstruction that provides satisfactory results with minimal or no compromise in form and function. Various flaps can be used to reconstruct the maxillary defect.

Broadly neutralizing plasma antibodies effective against autologous circulating viruses in infants with multivariant HIV-1 infection.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) develop in a subset of HIV-1 infected individuals over 2-3 years of infection. Infected infants develop plasma bnAbs frequently and as early as 1-year post-infection suggesting factors governing bnAb induction in infants are distinct from adults. Understanding viral characteristics in infected infants with early bnAb responses will provide key information about antigenic triggers driving B cell maturation pathways towards induction of bnAbs.

A Rare Mutation in an Infant-Derived HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Alters Interprotomer Stability and Susceptibility to Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Trimer Apex.

The envelope glycoprotein (Env) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the sole target of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Several mechanisms, such as the acquisition of mutations, variability of the loop length, and alterations in the glycan pattern, are employed by the virus to shield neutralizing epitopes on Env to sustain survival and infectivity within the host. The identification of mutations that lead to viral evasion of the host immune response is essential for the optimization and engineering of Env-based trimeric immunogens.

Altered Expression of Complement Regulatory Proteins CD35, CD46, CD55, and CD59 on Leukocyte Subsets in Individuals Suffering From Coronary Artery Disease.

Studies conducted in animal models have suggested that membrane complement regulatory proteins play an important role in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, a total of 100 individuals, with stable CAD and 100 healthy controls, both groups predominantly male, were recruited. We evaluated the plasma levels of complement regulatory proteins (Cregs) CD35, CD46, CD55, and CD59 and their surface expression on granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes by flow cytometry.

Viral Characteristics Associated with Maintenance of Elite Neutralizing Activity in Chronically HIV-1 Clade C-Infected Monozygotic Pediatric Twins.

Broad and potent neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) with multiple epitope specificities evolve in HIV-1-infected children. Herein, we studied two antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-1 clade C-infected monozygotic pediatric twins, AIIMS_329 and AIIMS_330, with potent plasma bnAbs. Elite plasma neutralizing activity was observed since the initial sampling at 78 months of age in AIIMS_330 and persisted throughout, while in AIIMS_329 it was seen at 90 months of age, after which the potency decreased over time.

Bone augmentation with sticky bone and platelet-rich fibrin by ridge-split technique and nasal floor engagement for immediate loading of dental implant after extracting impacted canine.

Nowadays, dental implants are the best treatment option for tooth loss, but implant placement requires sufficient bone volume. In defect area of alveolar ridge, augmentation is done by various available methods. Utilizing the growth factors such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) derived from patient's blood platelets improve treatment outcome.

An HIV-1 Broadly Neutralizing Antibody from a Clade C-Infected Pediatric Elite Neutralizer Potently Neutralizes the Contemporaneous and Autologous Evolving Viruses.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) have demonstrated protective effects against HIV-1 in primate studies and recent human clinical trials. Elite neutralizers are potential candidates for isolation of HIV-1 bNAbs. The coexistence of bNAbs such as BG18 with neutralization-susceptible autologous viruses in an HIV-1-infected adult elite controller has been suggested to control viremia.

Expression of complement receptor 3 (CR3) and regulatory protein CD46 on dendritic cells of antiretroviral naïve and treated HIV-1 infected individuals: Correlation with immune activation status.

During infection and budding, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) acquires regulators of Complement Activation (RCAs) along with the host cell membrane on the viral envelope. Activation of host complement system results in opsonization of virus by complement fragments, however the virus evades complement mediated lysis (CoML) by virtue of the RCAs on the viral envelope. The RCAs on HIV-1 envelope process complement protein C3 into various fragments that promote viral entry and infection of cells through different complement receptors.