Moringa leaf meal exerts growth benefits in small ruminants through modulating the gastrointestinal microbiome.

This study investigated the impact of feeding 17% moringa leaf meal (MLM) on the ruminal and fecal microbial composition and body weight gain (BWG) performance of lambs (Ovis aries) and kids (Capra hircus). A total of n = 28 lambs (n = 14, no-moringa, n = 14, 17% moringa) and 24 kids (n = 12, no-moringa, n = 12, 17% moringa) were involved in the experiment and body weight was recorded fortnightly. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing was performed on 28, 22, and 26 ruminal solid, liquid fraction, and fecal samples from lambs, and 23, 22, and 23 samples from kids.

Potential of camel rumen derived Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis strains for application in plant biomass hydrolysis.

Rumen inhabiting Bacillus species possesses a high genetic potential for plant biomass hydrolysis and conversion to value-added products. In view of the same, five camel rumen-derived Bacillus strains, namely B. subtilis CRN 1, B.

Isolation, purification and characterization of a novel esterase from camel rumen metagenome.

Bacterial esterases are gaining the importance in pharmaceuticals and agrochemical industries due to their excellent biocatalytic properties and a wide range of applications. In the present study, a novel gene encoding an esterase (designated as Est-CR) was identified from shotgun metagenomic sequencing data of camel rumen (Camelus dromedarius) liquor. The open reading frame consisted of 1,224bp, which showed 84.

Characterizing rumen microbiota and CAZyme profile of Indian dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) in response to different roughages.

In dromedary camels, which are pseudo-ruminants, rumen or C1 section of stomach is the main compartment involved in fiber degradation, as in true ruminants. However, as camels are adapted to the harsh and scarce grazing conditions of desert, their ruminal microbiota makes an interesting target of study. The present study was undertaken to generate the rumen microbial profile of Indian camel using 16S rRNA amplicon and shotgun metagenomics.

Unraveling the camel rumen microbiome through metaculturomics approach for agriculture waste hydrolytic potential.

Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer present on Earth in the form of agriculture waste. Hydrolysis of agriculture waste for simple fermentable reducing sugars is the bottleneck in the area of biofuel generation and other value-added products. The present study aims to utilize the camel rumen as a bioreactor for potent cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria by altering the feed types with varying cellulosic concentrations.

Exploring the eukaryotic diversity in rumen of Indian camel (Camelus dromedarius) using 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

In addition to a wide variety of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria, camel rumen also harbors a diverse of eukaryotic organisms. In the present study, the eukaryotic communities of camel rumen were characterized using 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Metagenomic DNA was isolated from rumen samples of fourteen adult Bikaneri and Kachchhi breeds of camel fed different diets containing Jowar, Bajra, Maize, and Guar.

Development and Utilization of VHH Antibodies Derived from Camelus Dromedarius Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute, highly contagious, and economically devastating viral disease of domestic and wildlife species. For effective implementation of FMD control program, there is an imperative need for developing a rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostics which help in the identification of serotypes involved in the outbreaks. The humoral immune response of the Camelidae is unique since in these animals 75% of circulating antibodies are constituted by heavy-chain antibodies and 25% are conventional immunoglobulin with two identical heavy chains.

Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets.

The utilization of urea in camels has beneficial and negative effects. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance, feed efficiency and economics in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets. In the present study, eighteen growing camels with an average live body weight of 306.