Publications by authors named "Nissy A Patteril"
Background: African horse sickness (AHS) is a devastating viral disease of equids that was first recorded in 1327. Currently, prevention and control of the disease are based on attenuated vaccines and midge control. It has been shown that attenuated Orbivirus vaccines are not always safe as they may reverse to virulence.
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- The study investigates the molecular epidemiology of MERS-CoV in dromedaries from the UAE, presenting the first complete genome sequences from local animals.
- It identifies one novel strain in clade A and nine strains in clade B, revealing genetic diversity and potential recombination events among the viruses present in camels.
- Phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses suggest multiple origins of MERS-CoV in dromedaries, with evidence of distinct lineages circulating in both camels and humans.
We report the complete genome sequence of influenza virus H9N2 associated with a fatal outbreak among chickens in Dubai. All segments are clustered with avian H9N2 viruses circulating in the Middle East but distinct from those in southeast Asia. It is not a reassortant virus or transmitted from other regions.
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- Antibodies for West Nile virus (WNV) were found in dromedaries in various regions, but this study is the first to isolate WNV from a dromedary calf in Dubai.
- Genome sequencing showed that this WNV belongs to lineage 1a and had unique genetic characteristics compared to other strains in the Middle East.
- Key mutations linked to increased pathogenicity and neuroinvasiveness were identified in the virus' proteins, suggesting that dromedaries could be new reservoirs for WNV, raising concerns about potential infection sources.
Background: Among all known picornaviruses, only two species, equine rhinitis A virus and equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) are known to infect horses, causing respiratory infections. No reports have described the detection of ERBV in fecal samples of horses and no complete genome sequences of ERBV3 are available.
Methods: We performed a molecular epidemiology study to detect ERBVs in horses from Dubai and Hong Kong.
A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age.
Emerg Microbes Infect
December 2015
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected by monoclonal antibody-based nucleocapsid protein-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RNA detection, and viral culture from the nasal sample of a 1-month-old dromedary calf in Dubai with sudden death. Whole genome phylogeny showed that this MERS-CoV strain did not cluster with the other MERS-CoV strains from Dubai that we reported recently. Instead, it formed a unique branch more closely related to other MERS-CoV strains from patients in Qatar and Hafr-Al-Batin in Saudi Arabia, as well as the MERS-CoV strains from patients in the recent Korean outbreak, in which the index patient acquired the infection during travel in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula.
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- Camels are known carriers of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, but details about their age-related infection rates are unclear.
- A study involving over 800 dromedaries and 15 mother-calf pairs found that the virus primarily affects camels younger than 4 years old, especially calves.
- Implementing timely separation of calves from their mothers could help lower the risk of transmitting the infection to humans.