Relationship of skin complexion with gingival tissue color and hyperpigmentation. A multi-ethnic comparative study.

Background And Objective: The most frequently seen intra-oral soft tissue is the gingiva. Most often, it is seen as coral-pink tissue that surrounds the neck of the teeth. Gingiva that encircles the tooth necks and covers the alveolar processes of the jaws is an intra-oral tissue that exhibits biomimetic features.

PEEK surface treatment on surface roughness and bond integrity to composite resin utilizing Er: YAG, Rosebengal activated by PDT, and aluminum trioxide particles.

Aims: To evaluate the impact of conditioning protocols, aluminum trioxide (AlO), Er:YAG laser (EYL), and Rosebengal (RB), on the surface roughness (Ra) and shear bond strength (SBS) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) attached to composite restorations.

Method: Eighty PEEK discs in total were produced and then divided into four groups (n = 20). Group1:Sulfuric acid (SA), Group 2: PDT (RB), Group 3: AlO, Group 4 EYL, respectively.