Pseudohypoaldosteronism type-I: a rare cause of hyperkalemia in neonates.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type I (PHA-I) is a rare disorder with only a few cases reported worldwide. It appears early in life with salt-wasting, failure to thrive, dehydration, hypotension, hyperkalaemia and metabolic acidosis. There is a resistance to aldosterone by the mineralocorticoid receptors.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia with cholestatic jaundice.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia describes a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by a decrease in Cortisol production. 11 beta hydroxylase deficiencies is the second most common form. However, its presentation with cholestatic jaundice is extremely rare.

Maintenance of empathy levels among first and final year medical students: a cross sectional study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to quantify the levels of empathy amongst medical students in the first year and final year of the medical curriculum at a medical university in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study, comprising of participating students in their first year and final year of the medical curriculum at Ziauddin University Medical College, was carried out, using the Empathy Quotient (EQ) scale consisting of 60 questions through a self-administered questionnaire. The results were collected anonymously over a time period of six months from a sample of 171 participants.

Knowledge and ethical perception regarding organ donation among medical students.

Background: To determine the knowledge and ethical perception regarding organ donation amongst medical students in Karachi- Pakistan.

Methods: Data of this cross sectional study was collected by self administered questionnaire from MBBS students of Ziauddin University from 2010 to 2011. Sample size of 158 (83 First years and 75 Fourth years) were selected by convenient sampling and those students who were present and gave consent were included in the study.