Autopsy findings in the early stage of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with "dropped head" syndrome.

Dropped head syndrome (DHS) has been rarely observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and the neuropathological findings of this condition have almost never been described. The identification of transactivation response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43), which binds to RNA/DNA has provided a new method for studying ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Post-mortem examination of an adult sudden death case of a 71-year-old patient who complained of DHS exhibited severe loss of anterior motor neurons in the cervical cord (C4-6).

[Investigation on the affinity between questions in the national examination for medical technologists and student level of education in the course of laboratory medicine--nine years history of the committee evaluating appropriate questions].

In order to evaluate the each question in the National Examination for Medical Technologist by comparison with the educated level in the course of laboratory medicine and the practical level of medical technologists, the investigation has been carried out by our committee established in the National University Association for Education of Laboratory Medicine during 9 years since 1997. The committee has asked each school of the 20 members of the Association to pick up good and/or inappropriate questions with the reasons why they are classified as good or improper ones. Some questions were considered as good ones by a large number of schools, while the others were considered improper.

Pathology of pure hippocampal sclerosis in a patient with dementia and Hodgkin's disease: the Ophelia syndrome.

An archive autopsy case of a 50-year-old man who died of Hodgkin's lymphoma had a 4-year, 4-month history of dementia. After radiochemotherapy, the lymphoma subsided except for involvement of the spleen, but the dementia remained. Neuropathological examination revealed that the pathology was confined to the hippocampus, both hippocampi showing sclerosis without inflammation.

Multiple vertebral metastases from malignant cardiac pheochromocytoma--case report.

A 27-year-old male presented with a very rare metastasis to the vertebral body from a cardiac pheochromocytoma manifesting as a pathological fracture of the C-4 vertebral body that occurred while playing golf. The patient was initially treated with hard collar fixation. Gallium scintigraphy demonstrated multiple hot spots in the mediastinum, the frontal bone, the vertebral column, and the rib.

[Associated meningioma and neurofibroma at the same cervical level without clinical signs of neurofibromatosis: case report].

A 59-year-old woman presented with a history of progressive clumsiness and numbness in both hands. MRI suggested a solid mass extending, from the intradural extramedullary, extradurally at the left C1/2 level. However, intraoperative findings revealed the both the intradural tumor and the extradural tumor existed separately.