Publications by authors named "Nishina S"
Purpose: To clarify the actual status of strabismus surgery and botulinum toxin (BTX) therapy in Japan in the year 2021.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: We conducted a national survey of strabismus treatment in 2021 using a questionnaire consistent with a previous 2013 survey, incorporating additional questions about BTX therapy.
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate factors associated with outcomes after 3 months of instructed usage of hand-held digital devices (DD) in patients with acquired comitant esotropia (ACE).
Methods And Analysis: This prospective multicentre observational study included patients with ACE, aged 5-35 years, who used DD within 1 year of onset and were followed up for clinical findings and instructed use of DD. The outcomes were classified into four groups: cured, improved, unchanged and worsened.
Article Synopsis
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is typically diagnosed late in diabetes patients due to insufficient surveillance criteria.
- This study involved 330 T2DM patients with nonviral chronic liver disease diagnosed using imaging techniques, comparing clinical parameters between those with and without HCC.
- Key risk factors for HCC included age over 65, alcohol consumption, and specific laboratory results, highlighting the need for adapted HCC surveillance strategies tailored to both younger and older T2DM patients.
We herein report a patient with Lynch-like syndrome in whom a brain tumor (glioblastoma) developed after repeated resection of colorectal cancer. The patient had a significant family history of cancer. Immunohistochemical expression of mismatch repair proteins was decreased in both brain and colon tumors, but no pathogenic variant of the related genes was detected.
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- This study aimed to explore how the timing of enucleation and treatment options affect outcomes in retinoblastoma (RB) cases with optic nerve (ON) invasion.
- Researchers reviewed data from 160 patients with RB over 17 years, finding five cases with ON invasion, primarily assessed through MRI.
- The results showed that timely enucleation and careful selection of therapies can lead to better survival rates, with most patients surviving long-term, highlighting the importance of appropriate imaging and treatment strategies.
Article Synopsis
- Durvalumab plus tremelimumab (Durva/Treme) is the first-line immunotherapy option for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a reported objective response (OR) rate of 15.5%.
- The study involved 110 patients and aimed to identify whether changes in tumor markers, specifically alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), could serve as predictive biomarkers for treatment response, using data collected both before and four weeks after treatment.
- It was found that higher baseline AFP levels (≥ 400 ng/mL) significantly correlated with better OR rates, and a ≥10% reduction in AFP or DCP
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed 10 years of treatment planning error data collected by medical physicists, focusing on high-risk errors, the impact of treatment volume on error rates, and the effectiveness of an Automated Plan Checking System (APCS).
- - Findings indicated that using APCS reduced error rates by around 1% for high-risk errors and 3% for low-risk errors, and there was an inverse relationship between the number of treatments and error rates.
- - The research also revealed that high workloads among medical physicists and a higher number of less experienced physicians were linked to increased error occurrences, emphasizing the need for adequate training and additional plan checkers to mitigate these errors.
Article Synopsis
- Durvalumab plus tremelimumab (Dur/Tre) is approved for first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC), but its real-world effectiveness is not well understood.
- A study involving 120 patients found an objective response rate (ORR) of 15.8%, a disease control rate (DCR) of 53.3%, and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 3.9 months, alongside a high rate of adverse events (AEs).
- Although there was no significant difference in response and survival rates between those treated as first-line versus later-line, first-line therapy showed better disease control; careful management is needed for older patients or those with
Article Synopsis
- - This study investigates how the movement of the liver during breathing affects the accuracy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with spine metastasis, particularly looking at treatment plans for patients with liver lesions.
- - Researchers analyzed treatment plans for 15 patients using CT scans taken during both inhalation and exhalation to assess how liver motion impacted radiation dosage delivered to the spine and surrounding tissues.
- - Their findings suggest that without incorporating strategies like beam avoidance, the liver's movement can result in significant radiation dose discrepancies, especially affecting the spinal cord, highlighting the need for careful evaluation of respiratory management during treatment.
Article Synopsis
- * A study evaluated a new method for visualizing 3D dose distributions using panoramic reconstruction computed tomography images in four head and neck cancer patients, achieving a high correlation in dose metrics.
- * The method aids dentists by providing clear visualizations of radiation doses that can lead to complications, improving the management of dental care for these patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) linked to either the Norrin or β-catenin genes, analyzing data from 281 subjects.
- Researchers utilized whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to assess genetic variants and their association with clinical symptoms in FEVR patients.
- The results indicated that a significant portion of probands with pathogenic variants showed more severe disease characteristics, including familial patterns of inheritance, rapid progression during infancy, and higher asymmetry in eye severity compared to those without these variants.
Imaging characteristics of gubernaculum tracts in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia: a computed tomography study.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the imaging characteristics of the gubernaculum tract (GT) in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) using computed tomography (CT).
- It found a high detection rate of GTs for both unerupted permanent teeth (83.5%) and supernumerary teeth (83.1%), with no significant differences between the two.
- The results suggest that a specific structure involving GTs and dental follicles may indicate that multiple teeth could originate from a single dental lamina, potentially leading to eruption failures.
This post-marketing surveillance assessed the safety and effectiveness of isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) during real-world use in Japan. Data from 211 individuals with RRMM treated with Isa-Pd in Japan between October 2020 and October 2021 were collected, with follow-up for up to 12 months after initiation of Isa-Pd or until treatment discontinuation. The incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), ADRs of special interest (infusion reactions, bone marrow suppression, infections, cardiac disorders, other ADRs of Grade ≥ 3), and serious ADRs was assessed.
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- The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of alveolar bone and lymph nodes (LNs) in the neck using 18F-FDG PET scans in patients with and without odontogenic inflammation.
- Significant differences in SUVmax values were found for level IB and IIA LNs between the two patient groups, indicating that inflammation affects these lymph nodes more than others.
- The research concluded that higher SUVmax values in level IB and IIA LNs are linked to increased SUVmax values in alveolar bone, suggesting a connection between dental inflammation and lymphatic response.
Accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) systems employing a solid-state lithium target indicated the reduction of neutron flux over the lifetime of a target, and its reduction could represent the neutron flux model. This study proposes a novel compensatory approach for delivering the required neutron fluence and validates its clinical applicability. The proposed approach relies on the neutron flux model and the cumulative sum of real-time measurements of proton charges.
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- Abdominal angiography techniques like transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are vital for treating liver cancer, but traditional transfemoral access (TFA) can lead to issues like postoperative pain and extended bed rest, impacting patient satisfaction.
- A study involving 1,601 patients showed that using transradial access (TRA) for TACE achieved a high success rate of 99.4% and a low complication rate of 1.2%, with 98.2% of patients wanting the radial method for future treatments.
- TRA is shown to be a safe and effective alternative to TFA for abdominal angiography, potentially easing the patient experience and improving clinical outcomes.
Objective: We aimed to assess the prevalence of hazardous drinking and potential alcohol dependence among Japanese primary care patients, and their readiness to change and awareness of others' concerns.
Methods: From July to August 2023, we conducted a multi-site cross-sectional study as a screening survey for participants in a cluster randomized controlled trial. The trial included outpatients aged 20-74 from primary care clinics.
Objective: Clofarabine is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, but evidence of its safety and effectiveness in Japanese patients is limited. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of clofarabine in patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in real-world clinical practice in Japan.
Methods: An observational, multicenter, post-marketing, all-case surveillance was conducted for safety.
Background: The relationship between liver fibrosis and inflammation and Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) other than hepatitis C remains uncertain, owing to the limitations of qualitative methods. Here, we evaluated the influence of liver fibrosis and inflammation on quantitative M2BPGi (M2BPGi-Qt) in CLD, considering each etiology.
Methods: We recruited 1373 patients with CLD.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the long-term results of congenital cataract surgeries conducted within the first 6 months of life across 11 surgical sites in Japan.
- It found that surgeries performed during critical periods of visual development lead to better final visual acuity compared to those done later, though earlier surgeries had a higher frequency of visual axis opacification.
- Factors influencing visual outcomes included laterality of cataract, type of surgery (pseudophakia vs. aphakia), and any existing comorbidities, highlighting the potential benefits of using intraocular lenses (IOL) in these procedures.
Aims/introduction: We aimed to evaluate factors that influence changes in blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels after treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of outpatients newly initiated on SGLT2 inhibitors (n = 176) and other oral antidiabetic drugs (n = 227). The patients were classified into four subgroups according to statin administration and baseline LDL-C levels (<120 or ≥120 mg/dL).
We evaluated the distribution and types of retinal hemorrhages (RHs) and other damages in eyes with abusive head trauma (AHT). This retrospective, consecutive case series of AHT and non-AHT conditions involved 54 children with AHT, 43 children with head bruises, and 49 children with blunt eye trauma, each of non-AHT supported by reliable witness accounts. RHs and other damage were evaluated using ophthalmoscopy and wide-field fundus photography.
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- The study focuses on the challenges dentists face in accurately diagnosing cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD), especially when it's related to embedded teeth, as there aren't many reports detailing its imaging characteristics in these cases.
- Researchers analyzed radiographs and histological findings of 225 patients with COD, uncovering 15 cases in 13 asymptomatic patients that highlighted specific imaging features around embedded mandibular third molars.
- The findings emphasize the need for dentists to recognize the distinct imaging traits of COD compared to other dental cysts or tumors to improve diagnosis and treatment approaches.