Effect of coenzyme Q deficiency on ethanol fermentation in sake yeast.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a component of the electron transport chain, participates in aerobic respiration to produce ATP. Little is known about the relationship between CoQ and ethanol fermentation. Herein, we revealed that the deficiency or the addition of CoQ in sake yeast led to an increase or a decrease, respectively, in ethanol production rate at the early stage of fermentation.

Menaquinone production in genetically engineered E. coli.

Menaquinone (MK) is an important electron transporter in Escherichia coli. This isoprenoid quinone can transfer electrons to many terminal acceptors, such as fumarate and nitrate, which helps this organism survive under diverse and challenging conditions. As isoprenoid quinones with various lengths of isoprenyl tail are widely distributed in nature, the heterologous expression of polyprenyl diphosphate synthases (PDSs) has been investigated using its counterpart, ubiquinone (UQ).

Chronic Neuronal Hyperexcitation Exacerbates Tau Propagation in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy.

The intracerebral spread of tau is a critical mechanism associated with functional decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Recently, a hypothesis has emerged suggesting that tau propagation is linked to functional neuronal connections, specifically driven by neuronal hyperactivity. However, experimental validation of this hypothesis remains limited.

Search for protein kinase(s) related to cell growth or viability maintenance in the presence of ethanol in budding and fission yeasts.

Alcohol fermentation comprises two phases: phase 1, alcohol fermentation occurs while yeast cells proliferate; phase 2, growth stops and alcohol fermentation continues. We categorized genes related to proliferation in low ethanol (phase 1) and viability in high ethanol (phase 2) as Alcohol Growth Ability (AGA) and Alcohol Viability (ALV), respectively. Although genes required for phase 1 are examined in budding yeast, those for phase 2 are unknown.

Correlation between the presence of tonsilloliths and the bone defects by periodontitis on imaging analysis: a pilot study.

Background: Very recently, a significant relationship between tonsilloliths and dental plaque-related pathologies was reported using digital panoramic radiographs. Their dynamics over time suggest that tonsilloliths may be in a permanently active phase that functions to remove foreign matter. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of tonsilloliths and the extent of periodontitis.

Targeted Mutations Produce Divergent Characteristics in Pedigreed Sake Yeast Strains.

Modification of the genetic background and, in some cases, the introduction of targeted mutations can play a critical role in producing trait characteristics during the breeding of crops, livestock, and microorganisms. However, the question of how similar trait characteristics emerge when the same target mutation is introduced into different genetic backgrounds is unclear. In a previous study, we performed genome editing of , , , and on the standard sake yeast strain Kyokai No.

Identification of novel coenzyme Q biosynthetic proteins Coq11 and Coq12 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential component of the electron transport system in aerobic organisms. CoQ has ten isoprene units in its quinone structure and is especially valuable as a food supplement. However, the CoQ biosynthetic pathway has not been fully elucidated, including synthesis of the p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHB) precursor to form a quinone backbone.

PECT1, a rate-limiting enzyme in phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis, is involved in the regulation of stomatal movement in Arabidopsis.

An Arabidopsis mutant displaying impaired stomatal responses to CO , cdi4, was isolated by a leaf thermal imaging screening. The mutated gene PECT1 encodes CTP:phosphorylethanolamine cytidylyltransferase. The cdi4 exhibited a decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine levels and a defect in light-induced stomatal opening as well as low-CO -induced stomatal opening.

Imaging characteristics of the gubernaculum tracts in successional teeth related to deciduous fused teeth on computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the imaging characteristics of the gubernaculum tracts in successional teeth related to fused deciduous teeth on computed tomography. The imaging findings of 15 gubernaculum tracts in successional teeth related to fused deciduous teeth were retrospectively analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography or multidetector computed tomography. In cases without a congenitally defected successor, the two gubernaculum tracts of two successional teeth related to fused deciduous teeth were fused into one.

Glymphatic system clears extracellular tau and protects from tau aggregation and neurodegeneration.

Accumulation of tau has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases termed tauopathies. Tau is a microtubule-associated protein but is also actively released into the extracellular fluids including brain interstitial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, it remains elusive whether clearance of extracellular tau impacts tau-associated neurodegeneration.

Corrigendum: Editorial: Proceedings of ASPL2019 - 8th Asian-Oceanian Symposium on Plant Lipids.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.

Overview of Radiological Studies on Visualization of Gubernaculum Tracts of Permanent Teeth.

The eruption pathway from the dental follicle to the gingiva for permanent teeth is known as the gubernaculum tract (GT), a physiologic structure thought to play a role in tooth eruption. Cone beam computed tomography and multi-detector computed tomography have recently been used to visualize the GT, with the results indicating that this structure might be related to the normal eruption of teeth. By contrast, curved and/or constricted GTs may lead to abnormal tooth eruption.

Imaging peculiarities of gubernaculum tracts in molars as accessional teeth on CT.

Objectives: The shapes of gubernaculum tracts (GTs) in molars as accessional teeth remain unidentified. To elucidate imaging peculiarities of GTs in molars with aging on multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT).

Material And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using CT images, including maxillary and mandibular molars, with no abnormal findings from 239 patients.

Phosphatidylserine Is Required for the Normal Progression of Cell Plate Formation in Arabidopsis Root Meristems.

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is involved in various cellular processes in yeast and animals. However, PS functions in plants remain unclear. In Arabidopsis, PS is relatively enriched in flower and root tissues, and the genetic disturbance of PS biosynthesis in phosphatidylserine synthase1 (PSS1)/ pss1 heterozygotes induces sporophytic and gametophytic defects during pollen maturation.

Changes in tonsillolith characteristics detected in a follow-up CT study.

Background: Tonsilloliths are related clinically to halitosis and tonsillar abscess. However, the dynamics of tonsilloliths over time are unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate change in the characteristics of tonsilloliths in a time-dependent fashion by follow-up computed tomography (CT).

Benzoic acid inhibits Coenzyme Q biosynthesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ, ubiquinone) is an essential component of the electron transport system in aerobic organisms. Human type CoQ10, which has 10 units of isoprene in its quinone structure, is especially valuable as a food supplement. Therefore, studying the biosynthesis of CoQ10 is important not only for increasing metabolic knowledge, but also for improving biotechnological production.

Organelle specific simultaneous Raman/green fluorescence protein microspectroscopy for living cell physicochemical studies.

We demonstrate a novel bio-spectroscopic technique, "simultaneous Raman/GFP microspectroscopy". It enables organelle specific Raman microspectroscopy of living cells. Fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, whose mitochondria are green fluorescence protein (GFP) labeled, is used as a test model system.

Seeding Activity-Based Detection Uncovers the Different Release Mechanisms of Seed-Competent Tau Versus Inert Tau via Lysosomal Exocytosis.

The pathological aggregation of tau characterizes a set of neurodegenerative diseases collectively referred to as tauopathies. Recent studies using cellular and animal models have suggested that tau pathology progresses by -cellular propagation. The process of propagation is mediated by certain species of extracellular tau, which are taken up by recipient cells and serve as a seed for tau aggregation.

CoQ production in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is increased by reduction of glucose levels or deletion of pka1.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential component of the electron transport system that produces ATP in nearly all living cells. CoQ is a popular commercial food supplement around the world, and demand for efficient production of this molecule has increased in recent years. In this study, we explored CoQ production in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Characteristics of diffusion-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficients of ranulas and other masses in and around the floor of the mouth.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of ranulas. In addition, to elucidate DWI findings and ADC values of other representative masses in and around the floor of the mouth.

Study Design: DWI findings and ADC values in 35 patients with ranulas and 33 patients with other masses were retrospectively reviewed with a central focus on cystic masses or lesions that may have cyst-like components in and around the floor of the mouth based on the diagnosis of each respective disease.