Publications by authors named "Nishay Chitkara"
Study Objectives: We have previously estimated that the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers is 75% and identified that having symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an independent risk factor for OSA in this population. Nasal inflammation and/or elevated awake nasal resistance that carried over into sleep could explain this association. To understand the mechanism(s) for the elevated risk of OSA observed in World Trade Center responders with CRS symptoms we examined if elevated awake supine nasal resistance was associated with OSA, CRS and/or nasal inflammatory biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The novel coronavirus-associated ARDS (COVID-19 ARDS) often requires invasive mechanical ventilation. A spectrum of atypical ARDS with different phenotypes (high vs low static compliance) has been hypothesized in COVID-19.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis to identify respiratory mechanics in COVID-19 ARDS.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence is often poor in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and may be influenced by nasal resistance. CPAP with a reduction of expiratory pressure (CPAPflex) may reduce discomfort in those with high nasal resistance and improve adherence in this subgroup. To evaluate the association of positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment adherence to nasal resistance and examine if CPAPflex improves adherence over CPAP in subjects with high nasal resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: To explore demographics, comorbidities, transfers, and mortality in critically ill patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Data were collected from a large tertiary care public hospital ICU that is part of the largest public healthcare network in the United States.
Background: Many respiratory conditions have been attributed to toxic dust and fume exposure in World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers, who frequently report symptoms of OSA. We examined the prevalence of new-onset OSA and tested if the prevalence and severity of OSA are related to the presence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Methods: A total of 601 subjects (83% men; age, 33-87 years; BMI, 29.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the link between the nasal microbiome and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), focusing on how inflammation from OSA might affect microbiome composition.
- - Using two large cohorts, researchers found that more severe OSA correlates with changes in nasal microbiome diversity, specifically an increase in certain bacteria like Streptococcus and Prevotella.
- - The findings suggest that an altered nasal microbiome in severe OSA is associated with inflammatory biomarkers, although treatment with continuous positive airway pressure did not alter the microbiome composition over three months.
Opportunistic infections such as pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) increase local HIV-1 replication and mutation. As AIDS progresses, alteration of the HIV-1 gp120 V3 sequence is associated with a shift in viral coreceptor use from CCR5 (CD195) to CXCR4 (CD184). To better understand the effect of HIV/TB coinfection, we screened transcripts from bronchoalveolar lavage cells with high density cDNA arrays and found that CXCR4 mRNA is increased in patients with TB.
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