Safety and Efficacy of Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Management of Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents with Externalizing Behavior Disorders: Protocol of a Transdiagnostic Sham Controlled fMRI Study.

Background: High-frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) on the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been known to be effective in modulating emotional experience but not studied in children and adolescents with externalizing behavior disorders (EBDs). We present a novel protocol for a study that aims to assess the safety and efficacy of adjuvant dTMS in managing emotional dysregulation in EBDs in children and adolescents.

Methods: The trial is prospectively registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) at www.

Evaluation of effects of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine or lignocaine on stress response and postoperative pain in patients undergoing craniotomy for intracranial tumors: A randomized controlled exploratory study.

Background: Goals of anesthesia in neurosurgery include stable cerebral hemodynamics and provide relaxed brain to surgeon. Dexmedetomidine and lignocaine as an adjuvant can fulfill these criteria but literature comparing the two are sparse. We compared the effects of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine or lignocaine on stress response, postoperative pain, and recovery in patients undergoing craniotomy for intracranial tumors.

Extracranial pressure (ECP) monitoring in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI): A prospective study validating intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement for predicting intracranial pressure (ICP).

Background: Intracranial pressure (ICP)--guided therapy is the standard of care in the management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Ideal ICP monitoring technique is not yet available, based on its risks associated with bleeding, infection, or its unavailability at major centers. Authors propose that ICP can be gauged based on measuring pressures of other anatomical cavities, for example, the abdominal cavity.

Brain-region specific autism prediction from electroencephalogram signals using graph convolution neural network.

Background: Brain variations are responsible for developmental impairments, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). EEG signals efficiently detect neurological conditions by revealing crucial information about brain function abnormalities.

Objective: This study aims to utilize EEG data collected from both autistic and typically developing children to investigate the potential of a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) in predicting ASD based on neurological abnormalities revealed through EEG signals.

Nerve Growth Factor in Psychiatric Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Background: Neurotrophins have been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders. Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) is one of the major neurotrophins that has attracted much research interest. Therefore, we undertook, to the best of our knowledge, the first scoping review encompassing all major psychiatric disorders and their relation to NGF.

Carrier-frequency estimation for digital holograms of phase objects.

Accurate estimation of carrier fringe frequency is essential for the demodulation of off-axis digital holograms. The fringe frequency is often associated with the amplitude peak of the cross-term in the two-dimensional Fourier transform of a digital hologram. We point out that this definition of carrier frequency is not valid in general for holograms associated with phase objects.

High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-Primed Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Controlled Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HDtDCS) priming improves the efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) in improving TRD.

Methodology: A prospective hospital-based, randomized control study where the participants were divided into active or sham HDtDCS-primed iTBS stimulation groups for a total of 10 sessions and were assessed on clinical parameters at baseline, end of week 1, and end of week 2 was done. Primary outcome of the study was the difference in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores over 2 weeks of HDtDCS-primed iTBS.

Hump on head: Rare case of bi-frontal fibrous dysplasia.

Background: FD is relatively rare in the craniofacial region, accounting for only 20% of all cases. Currently, two general subtypes of FD are recognized: monostotic and polyostotic. The monostotic form is more frequent, accounting for 75% to 80% of fibrous dysplasia cases.

Research on treatment-related aspects of depression from India in the preceding decade (2014-2023): An updated systematic review.

Background: The National Mental Health Survey reports a prevalence of 2.7% for depressive disorders in India. The services for depression patients may be organized differently in India as compared to Western countries.

Need to Incorporate Endovascular Neurosurgery in Neurosurgery Curriculum in India: Stay Abreast or be Left Behind.

Endovascular neurosurgery is one of the most rapidly evolving subspecialties in the field of neurosurgery. Since its inception, it has taken up almost 50%-60% of the cerebrovascular workload. Various specialties are competing to claim this field; still, no one can argue against a neurosurgeon's suitability in performing endovascular techniques.

Quantification of pollen viability in by digital holographic microscopy.

Pollen grains represent the male gametes of seed plants and their viability is critical for sexual reproduction in the plant life cycle. Palynology and viability studies have traditionally been used to address a range of botanical, ecological and geological questions, but recent work has revealed the importance of pollen viability in invasion biology as well. Here, we report an efficient visual method for assessing the viability of pollen using digital holographic microscopy (DHM).

Giant Tarlov Cyst presenting as pelvic mass: Often doing less is better.

Background: Tarlov cysts are sacral perineural cysts arising between the peri and endoneurium of the posterior spinal nerve root at the Dorsal Root Ganglion and have a global prevalence rate of 4.27%. These are primarily asymptomatic (only 1% with symptoms) and typically arise in females between the ages of 50-60.

Indian Psychiatric Society multicentre study: Diagnostic patterns, comorbidity and prescription practices for patients with Dementia.

Background: There are more than 5 million people with dementia in India. Multicentre studies looking at details of treatment for people with dementia In India are lacking. Clinical audit is a quality improvement process which aims to systematically assess, evaluate, and improve patient care.

Pragmatic issues and prescribing patterns in bipolar disorder: A mental health professional's survey.

Background: There is substantial treatment gap between the suggested guidelines and pragmatic clinical practice for psychotropic usage in bipolar disorder (BD) due to the lack of naturalistic studies and not taking into account the transcultural differences and diverse background. We intend to study this treatment gap and elucidate the preference of psychotropics and prescription patterns, critical clinical issues faced and related pragmatics in BD by conducting the mental health professionals survey.

Methodology: After focused discussions, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments guidelines being the primary anchor, a 46-item online survey questionnaire was prepared.