Publications by authors named "Nisha Nisha"

Downy mildew caused by is responsible for significant economic losses in cultivated sunflowers. Field isolates of sunflower downy mildew resistant to mefenoxam, a previously effective active ingredient against the pathogen, have been found across Europe. The main goal of this study was to assess the sensitivity of isolates to mefenoxam through host responses to infection, such as symptoms measured by disease severity and growth reduction, and host tissue reactions, such as hypersensitive reaction and necrosis of invaded cells.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Tobacco is the only consumer product that kills half of its users annually, posing serious challenges for control, particularly in India where both smoked and smokeless forms are common.
  • - The National Non-Communicable Disease Monitoring Survey indicates a significant prevalence of tobacco use, with 32.8% of adults and 3.1% of adolescents using it daily; however, recent efforts have resulted in an overall reduction of 8.1 million tobacco users.
  • - The article outlines India's legislative, regulatory, and fiscal approaches to tobacco control through the MPOWER strategy, which focuses on monitoring use, preventing secondhand smoke exposure, providing quitting assistance, raising awareness, enforcing bans, and increasing taxes on tobacco products.
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Heavy metal (HM) toxicity has become a global concern in recent years and is imposing a severe threat to the environment and human health. In the case of plants, a higher concentration of HMs, above a threshold, adversely affects cellular metabolism because of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which target the key biological molecules. Moreover, some of the HMs such as mercury and arsenic, among others, can directly alter the protein/enzyme activities by targeting their -SH group to further impede the cellular metabolism.

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Downy mildew of sunflower, caused by (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni, is a relevant disease of this crop.

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Drought stress-induced crop loss has been considerably increased in recent years because of global warming and changing rainfall pattern. Natural drought-tolerant plants entail the recruitment of a variety of metabolites and low molecular weight proteins to negate the detrimental effects of drought stress. Dehydrin (DHN) proteins are one such class of proteins that accumulate in plants during drought and associated stress conditions.

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Salinity stress is one of the major threats to agricultural productivity across the globe. Research in the past three decades, therefore, has focused on analyzing the effects of salinity stress on the plants. Evidence gathered over the years supports the role of ethylene as a key regulator of salinity stress tolerance in plants.

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Two neem-derived pesticides were examined under and conditions to test their efficacy in controlling pathotype 704, a causal agent of downy mildew in sunflower. All the tested concentrations of neem leaf extract and the highest concentration of commercial neem product significantly reduced the sporangial germination under conditions. In experiment, 3-days old pre-treated seedlings with both concentrations of neem leaf extract and the highest concentration of commercial product showed a significant reduction in the infection indicating possible systemic effect of neem.

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