Publications by authors named "Nisell R"

Objective: To investigate the effect of a 1-year coaching program for healthy physical activity on perceived health status, body function, and activity limitation in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: A total of 228 patients (169 women, 59 men, mean age 55 years, mean time since diagnosis 21 months) were randomized to 2 groups after assessments with the EuroQol visual analog scale (VAS), Grippit, Timed-Stands Test, Escola Paulista de Medicina Range of Motion scale, walking in a figure-of-8, a visual analog scale for pain, the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index, a self-reported physical activity questionnaire, and the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints. All patients were regularly seen by rheumatologists and underwent rehabilitation as prescribed.

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Objectives: To study whether isometric shoulder endurance was more advantageous than isometric shoulder strength training in reducing pain and perceived exertion and to increase shoulder function through improved muscle endurance and strength.

Design: Randomized trial.

Setting: Three occupational health care centers.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of an exercise program on neuropeptide concentrations, disease activity, impairments and disabilities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eleven females (median age 60 years, median disease duration 6.5 years, ARA functional classes I or II) exercised 30 min daily for 4 weeks.

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The article consists of a synthesis of a rheumatic pain symposium held at the annual meeting of the Swedish Medical Association in 1996. Various aspects of pain in rheumatic diseases were discussed, such as physiological, neurohumoral and neurogenic mechanisms, sensory stimulation treatment, differentiation of mechanical and inflammatory pain, quality enhancement by improved co-operation between primary and tertiary care facilities, pharmacological treatment with (centrally and peripherally acting) opioids, selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, and NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonists. For patients with rheumatic disorders exacerbated by pain problems, as for other patients, a pain diagnosis is of fundamental importance.

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The article consists of a synthesis of a rheumatic pain symposium held at the annual meeting of the Swedish Medical Association in 1996. Various aspects of pain in rheumatic diseases were discussed, such as physiological, neurohumoral and neurogenic mechanisms, sensory stimulation treatment, differentiation of mechanical and inflammatory pain, quality enhancement by improved cooperation between primary and tertiary care facilities, pharmacological treatment with (centrally and peripherally acting) opioids, selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, and NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonists. The aim of the symposium, with its focus on the manifest pain problem, was to improve our knowledge and skill in the understanding and treatment of this large patient category.

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The purpose of the present study was to assess five manual tests for pain provocation of the neck to determine their suitability for epidemiological investigations. To 75 randomly selected men, five manual pain-provoking tests were applied in a single-blind design. Prevalence of reported neck dysfunction, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predicted value for each test were calculated.

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The aim of the study was to develop a pain measurement instrument in Swedish intended for use in epidemiological surveys, and to report the pain assessments of individuals in a working population. The focus was on somato-sensory description in relation to work performance. The material comprised 22 randomly selected electricians attending health checkups, and reporting neck pain during the past week.

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Eight healthy male subjects performed isokinetic maximum knee extensions from 90 degrees flexion to full extension in a CYBEX n apparatus at two different speeds (30° and 180° s(-1)). Using a planar biomechanical model of the patellofemoral joint, the patellar forces in the sagittal plane were quantified. At the slower speed the patellofemoral compressive force and the suprapatellar tendon force reached values of about 12 bodyweights while the infrapatellar tendon force did not exceed 9 bodyweights.

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Musculoskeletal disorders are common among dentists, and have been ascribed to the demands of high precision work and sustained static loading in the neck-shoulder region, combined with a flexed and rotated cervical spine. In order to determine muscular load levels during dentistry, activity in neck, shoulder, and arm muscles was recorded using an electromyography technique (EMG). Normalized mean, median, 10th and 90th percentile EMG amplitude levels (% maximal reference contraction, %max-RVC) were calculated during ordinary dental work.

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Bilateral force measurements on the supporting limbs in postural sway while standing still were made to evaluate post-cerebral-vascular accident (CVA) patients during rehabilitation. Normal subjects of the same age group were tested as controls. From the force tracings obtained, three oscillation frequencies were identified, with orders of magnitudes of 7, 1 and 0.

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Using a Cybex II, eight healthy male subjects performed isokinetic knee extensions at two different speeds (30 and 180 deg/sec) and two different positions of the resistance pad (proximal and distal). A sagittal plane, biomechanical model was used for calculating the magnitude of the tibiofemoral joint compressive and shear forces. The magnitude of isokinetic knee extending moments was found to be significantly lower with the resistance pad placed proximally on the leg instead of distally.

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Two healthy subjects were filmed on TV-video when performing 14 different steps and jumps from two different heights (0·20 m and 0·43 m) onto two Kistler force platforms that recorded the reaction forces. The ankle and knee load moments and joint forces were calculated using a sagittal plane semi-dynamic biomechanical model. Steps with the ball of the foot from the lower height induced a vertical ground reaction force (Fz) close to 1 body weight (bw) and around 2 bw from the greater height.

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The aim of this study was to record the forces applied to the pedal during ergometer cycling and to calculate the effectiveness of these force vectors. Six healthy subjects rode a weight-braked bicycle ergometer at different work loads, pedaling rates, saddle heights, and pedal foot positions. The left lower limb and crank motions were recorded by a cinefilm camera and pedal reaction forces by a Kistler force measuring transducer mounted on the left pedal.

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The purpose of the study was to study the utilization of range of motion at the hip, knee, and ankle joints during exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Six healthy subjects biked at different workloads, pedaling rates, saddle heights, and pedal foot positions. The subjects were filmed in the sagittal plane with a cine-film camera at 60 frames/sec.

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We estimated the patellofemoral joint forces generated during pedaling on a bicycle ergometer. Our calculations were based on measurements from a force transducer mounted on the pedal, 16-mm cine-film sequences, and biomechanical models of the cycling motion and of the patellofemoral joint. Six healthy male subjects cycled at different work loads, pedaling rates, saddle heights, and pedal foot positions.

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Six healthy subjects pedaled on a weight-braked bicycle ergometer at different workloads, pedaling rates, saddle heights, and pedal foot positions. The subjects were filmed with a cine-film camera and pedal reaction forces were recorded from a force transducer mounted on the left pedal. Net knee moments were calculated using a dynamic model, and the tibiofemoral shear and compressive force magnitudes were calculated using a biomechanical model of the knee.

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A two-dimensional model of the tibio-femoral joint was constructed by using the results of cadaver knee dissections together with radiographic landmarks on healthy knees loaded at various angles of flexion. The tibio-femoral compressive force during isometric knee extension had the same magnitude as the patellar tendon force. The tibio-femoral shear force changed direction from posterior at full flexion to anterior when the knee was extended, indicating that high forces may arise in the anterior cruciate was extended, indicating that high forces may arise in the anterior cruciate ligament in the straight knee.

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The aim of the study was to calculate the magnitudes of moments of force acting about the bilateral hip and knee joint axes during ergometer cycling. Six healthy subjects pedalled a weight-braked bicycle ergometer at different workloads, pedalling rates, saddle heights and pedal foot position. During cycling at 120 Watts, 60 revolutions per minute with mid-saddle height and anterior pedal foot position, the mean peak flexing and extending hip load moments were 34.

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