Publications by authors named "Nisar Malek"

Background: The acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP) can lead to severe complications like walled-off necrosis, large symptomatic pseudocyst or multiorgan failure. The treatment of these complications is multivariate and can differ from conservative, symptomatic treatment or minimal-invasive, endoscopic transgastral stenting to transgastral necrosectomy.

Objectives: This study aims to analyse the clinical course for patients that develop local complications of severe pancreatitis.

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Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) is the standard endoscopic procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the pancreas and bile ducts. Cholangioscopy provides direct visualization of the bile ducts. It offers the possibility of more detailed diagnostic and therapeutic indications.

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Article Synopsis
  • Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is a powerful tool in cancer diagnostics that allows for comprehensive analysis of genes, improving the detection of complex biomarkers compared to traditional panel-based methods.
  • A study analyzing tissue specimens across 21 NGS centers showed that, although there was a 76% agreement in somatic variant calling, refining filtering criteria improved this to 88%, highlighting the importance of filter settings in variant detection.
  • The reliability of detecting specific genomic changes (like CNAs and complex biomarkers) varied among labs, emphasizing the need for improved bioinformatics processes and collaborative testing to minimize discrepancies in future analyses.
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Adult patients suffering from Crohn's disease (CD) are often dissatisfied with the information they receive from their physicians about nutrition and its impact on CD inflammation activity. Only a few publications are available about patients' internet research on nutrition in CD. The study aim is to elucidate the internet information sources of adult CD patients regarding nutritional advice via a questionnaire.

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Background: Biomarker-based therapies are increasingly used in cancer patients outside clinical trials. Systematic assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) is warranted to take patients' perspectives during biomarker-based therapies into consideration. We assessed the feasibility of an electronic PRO assessment via a smartphone application.

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The role and molecular mechanisms of intermittent fasting (IF) in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its transition to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unknown. Here, we identified that an IF 5:2 regimen prevents NASH development as well as ameliorates established NASH and fibrosis without affecting total calorie intake. Furthermore, the IF 5:2 regimen blunted NASH-HCC transition when applied therapeutically.

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Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19 disease can lead to critical illness with a risk of developing a multiple organ failure. Subsequently, this may lead to various pathological sequelae, such as secondary sclerosing cholangitis after surviving COVID-19 (SSC-COVID).

Objective: The aim is to retrospectively analyze a cohort of hospitalized patients with first-wave (February 2020-June 2020) SARS-CoV-2 infection and persisting unclear cholangiopathy to determine the incidence of SSC-COVID and its risk factors.

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Article Synopsis
  • Scientists found a special DNA fusion called DNAJB1-PRKACA that causes a rare liver cancer called fibrolamellar carcinoma (FL-HCC), which mainly affects young people.
  • * FL-HCC has a low chance of survival, and surgery is the only way to cure it if it hasn't spread yet; there isn’t a standard medicine for other treatments.
  • * A new clinical trial, FusionVAC22_01, is testing a vaccine and an immune booster to help the body fight the cancer by improving the immune system's response against it.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-2 can be inhibited by FGFR-selective or non-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Selective TKIs are approved for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) with FGFR2 fusions; however, their application is limited by a characteristic pattern of adverse events or evocation of kinase domain mutations. A comprehensive characterization of a patient cohort treated with the non-selective TKI lenvatinib reveals promising efficacy in FGFR2-driven CCA.

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Background And Aims: Postpolypectomy syndrome (PPS) is a relevant adverse event that can appear after polypectomy. Several publications mention postpolypectomy syndrome using different criteria to define it. The aim of this study is to detect potential risk factors and predictors for developing PPS and to define the main criteria of PPS.

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A growing number of druggable targets and national initiatives for precision oncology necessitate broad genomic profiling for many cancer patients. Whole exome sequencing (WES) offers unbiased analysis of the entire coding sequence, segmentation-based detection of copy number alterations (CNAs), and accurate determination of complex biomarkers including tumor mutational burden (TMB), homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), and microsatellite instability (MSI). To assess the inter-institution variability of clinical WES, we performed a comparative pilot study between German Centers of Personalized Medicine (ZPMs) from five participating institutions.

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The technical development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the parallel development of targeted therapies in the last decade have enabled a transition from traditional medicine to personalized treatment and care. In this way, by using comprehensive genomic testing, more effective treatments with fewer side effects are provided to each patient-that is, precision or personalized medicine (PM). In several European countries-such as in England, France, Denmark, and Spain-the governments have adopted national strategies and taken "top-down" decisions to invest in national infrastructure for PM.

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Background & Aims: The progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is aggravated by auto-aggressive T cells. The gut-liver axis contributes to NASH, but the mechanisms involved and the consequences for NASH-induced fibrosis and liver cancer remain unknown. We investigated the role of gastrointestinal B cells in the development of NASH, fibrosis and NASH-induced HCC.

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Mobile monitoring of outpatients during cancer therapy becomes possible through technological advancements. This study leveraged a new remote patient monitoring app for in-between systemic therapy sessions. Patients' evaluation showed that the handling is feasible.

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Article Synopsis
  • Treatment concepts in oncology are becoming personalized and diverse, requiring continuous monitoring of patient care through real-world data, which the DKTK's Clinical Communication Platform (CCP) facilitates.
  • The CCP connects 14 cancer centers and analyzes data from over 600,000 patients, focusing on diverse demographic details, diagnoses, treatment responses, and extensive biosample collections.
  • Through its sizable and detailed dataset, the cohort aids translational cancer research, enhances understanding of various cancers, and supports clinical trial design and evaluation in real-world settings.
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